CCM2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas)
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Percorrer CCM2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas) por Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) "06:Água Potável e Saneamento"
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- Effect of petrochemical contaminants on the photosynthetic physiology on the seagrass Halophila baillonii AschersonPublication . Lima, Maria Cecilia S.; Lima, Thomaz Henrique A.; Sperandio, Marcus V. Loss; Yogui, Gilvan Takeshi; Silva, João; Magalhães, Karine M.Oil spills represent a significant threat to seagrasses as hydrocarbons can impair photosynthetic processes and plant functioning, although physiological responses may vary depending on the spill and environmental conditions This study investigates the physiological responses of Halophila baillonii when exposed to the watersoluble fraction (WSF) of crude oil. Photosynthetic pigment composition, maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm), and oxidative stress indicators malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were analyzed after shortterm exposure. A significant increase in chlorophyll a and b concentrations and variations in carotenoid levels were detected, while photochemical efficiency and oxidative stress indicators were maintained. These findings suggest that the species dynamically adjusts its pigment composition to optimize light capture and mitigate oxidative stress, demonstrating physiological plasticity. Its ability to tolerate WSF exposure highlights the species' short-term resilience to hydrocarbon pollution. Future studies should investigate the effects of long-term exposure to different oil types, such as boat fuel, and the recovery mechanisms of seagrasses.
- Environmental markers of plastics and microplasticsPublication . Q. V. da Costa, Camila; Afonso, Inês I.; Cruz, Joana; Teodosio, Maria; Jockusch, Steffen; Power, Deborah Mary; Ramamurthy, Vaidhyanathan; Silva, José Paulo daThe slow reaction rates to chemical and photo chemical degradation are well-known properties of plastics. However, large plastic surfaces exposed to environmental conditions release particles and compounds that affect ecosystems and human health. The aim of this work was to identify compounds associated with the degradation of polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) micro plastics (markers) on silica and sand and evaluate their use to screen microplastics on natural sand. Products were identified by using targeted and untargeted LC-HRMS analysis. All polymers underwent chemical oxidation on silica. PE released dicarboxylic acids (HO2C-(CH2)n-CO2H (n = 4−30), while PS released cis/ trans-chalcone, trans-dypnone, 3-phenylpropiophenone, and dibenzoylmethane. PVC released dicarboxylic acids and aromatic compounds. Upon irradiation, PE was stable while PS released the same compounds as under chemical oxidation but at lower yields. Under the above condition, PVC generated HO2C-[CH2−CHCl]n-CH2−CO2H and HO2C-[CH2−CHCl]n-CO2H (n = 2−19) dicarboxylic acids. The same products were detected on sand but at a lower concentration than on silica due to better retention within the pores. Detection of markers of PE and PS on natural sand allowed us to screen microplastics by following a targeted analysis. Markers of PVC were not detected before or after thermal/photo-oxidation due to the low release of compounds and limitations associated with surface exposure/penetration of radiation.
- Interactions between microplastics and trace metals: ecotoxicological implications for tropical marine invertebrates, Mussel Perna Perna (Linnaeus, 1758) and sea Urchin Echinometra Lucunter (Linnaeus, 1758)Publication . Palanch, Maria Fernanda; França, Letícia Albanit; Moura, Pedro Henrique Paixão de; Santana, Felipe Teixeira; Prieto, Camila Martins; Castro, João Vítor; Guimarães, Murilo Vieira; Pereira, Vinícius Gonçalves; Oliveira, Otto Muller Patrão de; Belem, Andre L.; Ribeiro, Caio CesarMicroplastics (MPs) are recognized as emerging contaminants in marine ecosystems, not only due to their physical persistence but also for their capacity to adsorb and transport chemical pollutants, such as trace metals. In this study, we investigated the interactions between four types of virgins microplastics, like polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), and polypropylene with additives (PPa) and two trace metals, copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), at environmentally relevant and elevated concentrations. We quantified metal adsorption using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry and assessed the toxicological effects of MP-metal mixtures on the embryonic development of two tropical marine invertebrates: the mussel Perna perna and the sea urchin Echinometra lucunter. Our results show that metal adsorption onto microplastics was consistently higher at environmentally realistic concentrations, with PE exhibiting the highest Zn adsorption (43.16 mu gg(-)(1)) and PPa the highest Cu adsorption (17.94 mu gg(-)(1)). Ecotoxicological assays revealed species-specific sensitivities, with P. perna embryos showing complete developmental inhibition (0%) when exposed to Cu-Zn mixtures combined with PE or PS. E. lucunter exhibited significant developmental impairments in response to PP and PPa (76 +/- 12,3%, 79 +/- 16,8%), as well as selective toxicity from specific MP-metal combinations. These findings underscore the importance of polymer composition, metal speciation, and biological context in determining the toxicity of plastic-associated contaminants. The observed synergistic effects between MPs and trace metals emphasize the need to incorporate multi-stressor interactions into environmental risk assessments and regulatory frameworks addressing marine pollution.
- Metal ecotoxicity in sea anemones: accumulation, effects, and knowledge gapsPublication . Vilke, Juliano Marcelo; Power, Deborah Mary; Vieira de Sousa, Cármen Sofia; Mestre, NéliaMetals are a major class of legacy pollutants that end up in marine ecosystems, posing a significant threat to marine biota, including sea anemones. The current review critically synthesises studies published over the last 50 years on the uptake, tissue distribution, and biological effects of 20 metals across 18 sea anemone species in both field and laboratory settings, including interactions with climate change stressors (salinity and pH). Field studies have focused on bioaccumulation and report the high capacity of sea anemones to accumulate metals, mainly iron and barium, primarily in the pedal disk. Laboratory exposure studies reveal a dose- and timedependent accumulation and highlight that symbionts take up and store essential metals (Cu, Fe, and Mn) due to their key biological roles. Available data point to Exaiptasia pallida as a promising model for metal ecotoxicology. Across studies, metals elicit alterations at molecular to behavioural/morphological levels, including transcriptome reprogramming, oxidative stress, and detoxification failures, as well as genotoxicity, cellular injury, immune dysfunction, metabolic and morphological disruption, reproductive impairment, and bleaching, which are generally amplified by climate change stressors. Ultimately, this review identifies key knowledge gaps and outlines future research directions on metal ecotoxicity in sea anemones. Collectively, these insights position sea anemones as informative sentinels of metal contamination in marine ecosystems.
- New insights into car tire rubber particle toxicity: chemical composition and ecotoxicity assessment of leachate on gamete quality of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialisPublication . Savino, Ilaria; Nobahar, Amir; Silva, José Paulo da; Cotugno, Pietro; Notariale, Rosaria; Corriero, Giuseppe; Uricchio, Vito Felice; Gallo, AlessandraThousands of tire rubber particles (TPs) enter the marine environment every year, contributing to microplastic pollution. The toxicity of TPs can be related to the particles themselves or chemical additives, which can leach into seawater and potentially affect marine organisms. The current study presents new insights into TPs’ impact on marine organisms’ reproductive processes. The leachates of end-of-life TPs and their adverse effects on gamete quality were evaluated by analysing the chemical compositions of seawater leachates and several gamete physiological parameters, taking the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis as a model. Chemical analyses revealed the leaching of different metals, among which zinc showed the highest level (~3 mg/L). Organic compounds such as antioxidants, vulcanising and protective agents were annotated in leachates and correlated with the observed harmful effects on the reproductive process. The exposure of oocytes and spermatozoa to TP leachates negatively affects the gamete quality by increasing the mitochondrial activity in both gamete types and decreasing the motility of spermatozoa, which may impair the reproductive success of mussels. Since reproductive success is a key factor in species survival, this study highlights the urgent need to extend the presented research to other marine organisms.
- Novel bacterial strains for nonylphenol removal in water and sewage sludge: insights from gene expression and toxicityPublication . Lara-Moreno, Alba; Aguilar-Romero, Inés; Madrid, Fernando; Villaverde, Jaime; Carlier, Jorge; Santos, Juan Luís; Alonso, Esteban; Morillo, EsmeraldaAbstract: 4-Nonylphenols (4-NPs) are persistent endocrine disruptors frequently found in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents and sewage sludge. This study evaluated the ability of eight bacterial strains that were isolated from sewage sludge to degrade 4-n-NP in an aqueous solution. Bacillus safensis CN12, Shewanella putrefaciens CN17, and Alcaligenes faecalis CN8 showed the highest degradation rates, removing 100%, 75%, and 74% of 4-n-NP (10 mg L−1 ), with DT50 values of 0.90, 8.9, and 10.4 days, respectively. Despite the reduction in 4-n-NP concentrations, ecotoxicity assays revealed that the resulting transformation products (TPs) were more toxic than the parent compound. To investigate the potential degradation mechanisms, in silico and gene expression analyses were conducted on B. safensis CN12, revealing a significant upregulation of the multicopper oxidase gene, cotA (7.25-fold), and the ring-cleaving dioxygenase gene, mhqO (13.9-fold). Although the CN12 strain showed potential for mineralization based on gene expression studies, this was not observed in the aqueous solution. However, when 4-n-NP was adsorbed on sludge and treated with CN12 in the presence of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPBCD) as a bioavailability enhancer, mineralization reached up to 33%, indicating a synergistic effect with the native sludge microbiota.
- Nutrient‐driven growth and microbiome shifts in the brown alga Sargassum fluitans IIIPublication . Theirlynck, Tom; Staat, Lotte; Servania, Dhaishendra; Engelen, Aschwin; Tussenbroek, Brigitta I. van; Muyzer, Gerard; Visser, Petra M.; Amaral‐Zettler, LindaSince 2011, holopelagic Sargassum has been accumulating in a region of the tropical Atlantic now referred to as the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt (GASB). Among the hypothesized contributors to these accumulations are the increased inputs of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. Little is known about the effects of N and P additions on Sargassum physiology and its microbiome. We studied the effects of N, P, and NP additions on the growth, photosynthetic efficiency, and microbiome composition of Sargassum fluitans III in a six-day experiment on the Caribbean Island of Curaçao. Sargassum fluitans III took up most nitrate and phosphate within 3days with respective uptake rates of 0.343 and 0.0399μmol · g−1 DW · h−1. Fv/Fm decreased in the control after 6days but remained constant in nutrient treatments. Growth rates did not differ significantly among treatments, but a trend in higher growth rates in the NP treatment was discerned, suggesting a possible NP co-limitation. The relative abundance of epiphytic Cyanobacteria such as Schizothrix and bacteria such as Lentilitoribacter increased under N and P addition, while heterotrophic Rhodobacteraceae decreased in abundance. Microeukaryotic communities responded with varying changes in alpha diversity, possibly steered by increased photosynthesis and growth of S. fluitans III or bacterial interactions. The physiological response to N and P and rapid change of the microbiome demonstrates that the studied S. fluitans III can quickly benefit from increased nutrient concentrations, which might contribute to its growth success in the GASB.
- On the efficacy of a pre-filtering density separation method for microplastic analysisPublication . Feiteira, Sara; Abrunhosa, Felipe; Corona, Luana; Robalo, Joana I.; Castilho, RitaMicroplastics (particles with a diameter between 1 and 5 mm) in the marine environment are a growing concern due to their involuntary ingestion by fish and other marine species. The small microplastic size makes them easily consumed in the water and hence readily introduced into the marine food chain, with yet unknown bioaccumulative and toxic consequences. The proximity to urban areas, industrial activities, and sewage disposal potentially increases the presence of microplastics in the marine environment. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of some species contains high quantities of debris, sediment, and non-digestible materials such as calcium carbonate resulting from their dietary or behavioral habits. This study aims to assess the efficacy of a pre-filtering density separation method using a hypersaline solution to facilitate the subsequent filtration procedure. This additional step is expected to accelerate the procedure as a whole, improving the filtering process and ensuring a more accurate detection of microplastics.
- Open protocols, the new standard for acoustic tracking: results from interoperability and performance tests in European watersPublication . Aspillaga, Eneko; Bruneel, Stijn; Alós, Josep; Verhelst, Pieterjan; Abecasis, David; Aarestrup, Kim; Birnie-Gauvin, Kim; Afonso, Pedro; Palmer, Miquel; Reubens, JanBackground The lack of compatibility between acoustic telemetry equipment from different manufacturers has been a major obstacle to consolidating large collaborative tracking networks. Undisclosed encrypted signal cod ing protocols limit the use of acoustic telemetry to study animal movements over large spatial scales, reduce com petition between manufacturers, and stifle innovation. The European Tracking Network, in collaboration with several acoustic telemetry manufacturers, has worked to develop new transparent protocols for acoustic tracking. The results are energy-efficient transmission protocols accessible to all researchers and manufacturers. Today, the Open Protocols (OP) are already available to manufacturers and developers, and the first transmitters and receivers to implement them are already in the water. Results The main objective of this study was to confirm the compatibility between devices from different manufac turers using OP, characterise the acoustic range of each transmitter–receiver manufacturer combination, compare the detection efficiency to the standard protocols used at present (R64K and encrypted protocols), and assess its robustness against spurious detections. An international collaborative effort was made to conduct acoustic range tests in four main aquatic habitats: a river, a coastal lagoon, a coastal habitat, and the open sea. Receivers and trans mitters from different manufacturers were deployed at increasing distances from each other using the same experi mental design at each location. The decay of detection probability with distance was modelled for each transmit ter–receiver manufacturer combination by applying logistic regression using a Bayesian approach. Furthermore, to thoroughly assess performance differences in an applied research context, we conducted a direct field comparison between groups of smolts tagged with OP and R64K tags, tracking their migration to the sea. Conclusions Our results confirm full compatibility between the tested devices, with negligible differences in the measured acoustic ranges between OP manufacturers and when compared to encrypted protocols. The OP was also robust against spurious detections, and the field comparison between OP and R64K showed equal perfor mance. We hope these novel insights will encourage international research groups to promote OP-based studies to ensure compatibility and maximise the benefits of acoustic telemetry networks.
- Pb2+ biosorption by Serratia marcescens CCMA 1010 and its relation with zntR gene expression and ZntA efflux pump regulationPublication . Carlier, Jorge; Ferreira, Gustavo Magno dos Reis; Schwan, Rosane Freitas; Silva, Cristina Ferreira da; Costa, Maria ClaraGlobal concerns about the preservation and restoration of aquatic environments are rising and pollution related to heavy metals is one of the main worries. Indeed, this issue has been a challenge for the metallurgical industry and other activities associated with metal contamination. Thus, over time, several physical and chemical methods have been developed and applied to remove metals from water. However, these methods can be associated with high costs, and bioremediation using plants, fungi, and bacteria is considered a viable alternative. This paper reports experiments on lead removal from an aqueous medium using active and inactive Serratia marcescens CCMA 1010 and a study on the effect of lead in this bacterial strain regarding the expression of the zntR gene, which produces the zntR protein known to have a role as a regulator of the ZntA efflux pump of metals (Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+). The amount of removed Pb2+ by active biomass remained below ~25 mg/L for the initial concentrations tested up to 120 mg/L but increased to removals of ~70 and ~167 mg/L for the tested concentrations of 220 and 300 mg/L, respectively. On the other hand, the removal of Pb2+ by inactive biomass increased in direct relation to the initial tested concentration, with removed percentages around 25 %. Interestingly, in cultures with 15 and 60 mg/L Pb2+ the expression of zntR was 27 to 74 and 87 to 177 times lower (respectively) than in cultures without Pb2+, while in cultures with 120 mg/L Pb2+, the zntR expression was just 1.3 to 9.3 times lower than in the absence of Pb2+. The results confirm the potential of S. marcescens CCMA 1010 for Pb2+ biosorption, the presence of Pb2+ resistance mechanisms in this strain, and contribute to a better understanding of the ZntA transmembrane protein regulation.