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Percorrer Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia por Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) "08:Trabalho Digno e Crescimento Económico"
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- Análise econômica das tecnologias de produção boas práticas para mitigar os efeitos das alterações climáticas e lutar contra a desertificaçãoPublication . Rodrigues, Alessandra; Freitas, Maria de Belém Ferreira da Silva Costa; Antunes, Carla Maria RoloA Região Mediterrânica tem enfrentado um agravamento e intensificação dos períodos de seca além da diminuição da precipitação. Nesse contexto, em 1/07/2022, foi implementado, o Programa +Solo +Mais Vida: Adaptação e Mitigação das Alterações Climáticas e Luta contra a Desertificação. O programa, com duração de 22 meses, foi desenvolvido numa área de 94 hectares no Parque Natural do Vale do Guadiana, e tinha por objetivo impulsionar a adaptação às alterações climáticas e o combate à desertificação dessa região através da adoção de 10 boas práticas agrosilvopastoris de combate a degradação do solo. As medidas que caracterizaram o programa foram: biodiversidade funcional, controle da erosão e aumento da infiltração, economia circular e carbon farming, gestão adaptativa do pastoreio, melhoramento de solo, melhoria do mosaico mediterrânico, pastagens permanentes, promoção da regeneração natural, restauro de linhas de água e retenção e conservação de água na paisagem. O intuito da dissertação, apresentada a seguir, foi desenvolver uma análise econômica das tecnologias de produção, e boas práticas inseridas nesse programa, buscando compreender seus resultados e oferecer aos agricultores uma ferramenta que auxilie a sua tomada de decisão. Foi possível observar, de forma imediata, os custos referentes à implementação de cada tecnologia e dados relativos à emissão de carbono das atividades anuais e dos investimentos (sementeira direta e convencional de pastagens, protetores de regeneração, implementação de bosquetes e restauro de linha de água); também se estabeleceu uma comparação entre a tecnologia de sementeira direta e convencional, onde ficaram claras as vantagens econômicas e ambientais da primeira.
- Competitiveness of portuguese montado ewe production systems among the european ewe production systemsPublication . Ferreira da Silva da Costa Freitas, Maria de Belém; Ventura-Lucas, Maria Raquel; Izquierdo, Lola; Deblitz, ClausThe number of ewes in Portugal registers a decrease since 1998. This decrease is felt particularly in the south of the country, which concentrates almost half of the existing ewes, mainly for meat production. One of the most important ewe production systems is the Montado, a High Nature Value ecosystem, occupying ca. 1.2 million ha in Portugal. The competitiveness of this system among the European ewe production systems is an important issue for the future of the Montado ecosystem. So, the objective of this paper is to analyze the ewe production systems in the Montado, using the agri benchmark database, and compare these systems with other European countries’ systems, ranking their competitiveness and e_ciency among other systems in the European Union. We concluded that this methodology facilitated an in-depth understanding not only of the competitiveness and e_ciency of ewe production systems in Portugal but also of their positioning regarding other systems in the European Union. The pattern of returns assures that these farms are competitive in the sense that they depend on the market on their decisions, and thus it is important that market values sheep products. Nevertheless, the diversification to other income sources would be a good option for the future sustainability of these farms and the opportunities and risks that these systems will deal with in a new green economy, with probable new functions and new opportunities for land, will be a challenge for the future.
- Mono-trophic seaweed polyculture of sea grapes (Caulerpa lentillifera) and Kappaphycus alvarezii: a case study from Van Phong Bay, Viet NamPublication . Stuthmann, Lara Elisabeth; Costa, Beatrice Brix da; Cordes, Aaron Johannes; Du, Hoang Trung; Kunzmann, Andreas; Springer, KarinKappaphycus alvarezii and Caulerpa lentillifera are economical important seaweeds cultivated in Van Phong Bay, Viet Nam, respectively. The complementary light and nitrogen requirements of the seaweeds introduce the opportunity for a mono-trophic seaweed polyculture. Three different set-ups were tested, namely the integration of K. alvarezii in sea grape ponds, the integration of sea grape plastic cages on longlines and the polyculture of both species in net cages. The relative growth rates (RGRs) of K. alvarezii were highest on longlines, compared to net cages in mono- and polyculture (4.4 ± 0.8 % day− 1 vs 2.1 ± 0.6, 0.6 ± 0.5 % day− 1 ), whereas fragments died off due to warm temperatures and absence of water movement in ponds. Strong recurring water movements at the experimental site caused high losses of K. alvarezii fragments (39 % of initial) and impaired growth of delicate C. lentillifera causing negative RGRs in all treatments (plastic cages without gauze: − 9.8 ± 0.6 % day− 1 , net cages: − 6.4 ± 0.9 % day− 1 ), but with least loss in plastic cages with gauze wrapping (-1.3 ± 0.8 % day− 1 ). Fv´/ Fm´values of both species showed typical midday depression and C. lentilliferas´Fv/Fm were influenced especially by gauze wrapping. Here, we show that the K. alvarezii cultivation on longlines with C. lentillifera integrated below in inexpensive, self-made, customizable plastic cages with additional gauze protection is the most promising set-up from a physiological and economic point of view for Van Phong Bay and beyond. However, further research is needed before implementation of the system.
- Physiological and psychological benefits of exposure to nature during work in a military bunker—a pilot experimental studyPublication . Silva Fernandes, Maria Jacinta; Bento, Ana Teresa; Gonçalves, Gabriela; Campos, ClariceThe present controlled experimental research addresses the effects of exposure to nature on workers’ well-being and job performance in a work-confined setting. Ten individuals working in an open-space office inside a Portuguese military bunker were exposed to simulated nature (audio sounds and/or video images of nature). Quantitative physiological (heart rate) and self-reported measures (perceived positive and negative emotions, environment restorativeness, and work performance) were taken. Results indicate that exposure to nature during working time in confined places, through simulating a window with a view of nature and/or by introducing sounds of nature, promotes physiological and emotional well-being at work (heart rate significantly decreases, positive emotions significantly increase, and negative emotions decrease), and significantly increases employees’ perception of workplace restorative qualities. The results on work performance were non-significant. The present findings contribute to the evidence of the restorative effects of nature exposure during work. The research bridges a gap by considering workplaces where real nature exposure is not feasible and examining the evidence on the beneficial biophilic interventions (the restorative effects of simulated nature) within confined environments. The strategy to use videos and audio of nature may improve the structural conditions of work, benefiting well-being in these types of work settings.
- Testing the diversifying asset hypothesis between clean energy stock indices and oil pricePublication . Dias, Rui; Galvão, Rosa; Cruz, Sandra P.; Irfan, Mohammad; Alexandre, Paulo; Gonçalves, Sidalina; Teixeira, Nuno; Palma, Cristina; Almeida, LilianaIn theory, geopolitical risk and political uncertainty can directly affect energy markets. Fluctuations lead to the cost of clean energy sources as they compete with traditional energy. The purpose of this study is to analyse financial integration and test the diversifying asset hypothesis between clean energy indices, specifically the Clean Energy Fuels (CLNE), Nasdaq Clean Edge Green Energy (CELS), S&P Global Clean Energy (SPGTCLEN), TISDALE Clean Energy (TCEC.CN), Wilderhill (ECO) and West Texas Intermediate (WTI) stock indices, over the period from 1 January 2018 to 23 November 2023. Analysing the results reveals a scenario where most of the clean energy indices show cointegration with each other, indicating long-term relationships that reflect common trends in the clean energy sector. However, the relative independence of the WTI suggests that Oil still acts as an important and potentially diversifying external factor for investors focused on sustainable energy. Structural breaks in 2021 and 2022 in several indices point to significant events that have altered market dynamics, possibly including changes in environmental policies, technological innovations and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The cointegration evidence and structural breaks provide valuable information for building investment portfolios. Investors can consider the WTI to diversify portfolios dominated by clean energy assets, taking advantage of Oil’s relative independence. On the other hand, the high correlation between clean energy indices suggests that, within this sector, diversification options are more limited, requiring careful analysis of the specific characteristics of each index and the macroeconomic forces affecting them.
- Tracking tourism waves: insights from automatic identification system (AIS) data on maritime–coastal activitiesPublication . Ramos, Jorge; Drakeford, Benjamin; Costa, Joana; Madiedo Camelo, Ana Maria; Leitão, FranciscoAbstract: The demand for maritime–coastal tourism has been intensifying, but its offerings are sometimes limited to a few activities. Some of these activities do not require specific skills or certifications, while others do. This study aimed to investigate what type of activities are carried out by tourism and recreational vessels in the coastal area of the central Algarve (Portugal). To this end, data from the automatic identification system (AIS) of recreational vessels was used to monitor and categorise these activities in a non-intrusive manner. A model (TORMA) was defined to facilitate the analysis of AIS data and relate them to five independent variables (distance from the coast, boat speed, bathymetry, seabed type, and number of pings). The results of the analysis of more than 11 thousand hourly AIS records for passenger, sailing, and charter vessels showed that the 14 most regular ones had strong seasonal patterns, greater intensity in summer, and spatial patterns with more records near some coastal cliffs. This study provides valuable information on the management of motorised nautical activities near the coast and at sea, contributing to more informed and effective tourism regulation and planning.
- Turismo de experiência em aldeias um conceito de turismo circular através das sensaçõesPublication . Toledano, Daniela; Silva, Ana Paula Pinto Gomes da; Guerreiro, Maria Manuela MartinsA dissertação aborda as aldeias do interior algarvio e o seu impacto no património histórico-cultural e natural. Embora muitos moradores locais migrem para grandes centros urbanos em busca de melhores infraestruturas, as aldeias continuam a atrair turistas, o que impulsiona a economia e valoriza a paisagem. Para desenvolvê-las social e economicamente e voltarem a ser habitadas, torna-se necessário melhorar a infraestrutura local e promover um turismo sustentável, baseado numa economia circular. O projeto-piloto foca-se na zona rural de Loulé, especificamente nas aldeias do Barrocal e da Serra, que fazem parte da área do Aspirante a Geoparque Algarvensis (AGA). As freguesias de Alte, Ameixial, Salir e Querença-Tôr-Benafim têm grande potencial de crescimento, possuindo múltiplas atrações turísticas. Este estudo tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de um projeto-piloto para estas aldeias, sustentando um roteiro turístico de experiência sensorial que suporte um modelo de turismo circular e sustentável, capaz de envolver os turistas e residentes, participando e experimentando atividades tradicionais locais, conservando o património e consequentemente, promovendo o desenvolvimento do tecido social e económico do conjunto das aldeias. A metodologia aplicada foi adaptada de manuais de workshops do Projeto de investigação Be.CULTOUR. Realizaram-se pesquisas sobre conceitos de turismo circular em zonas rurais. Como abordagem qualitativa e exploratória, realizou-se um inquérito com perguntas abertas (formato entrevista semiestruturada) e fechadas (formato questionário). O processo de recolha de dados decorreu in situ e online através da plataforma “Microsoft Forms”. Entre outras, foram abordadas temáticas como rotas e percursos para verificação de acessibilidade e visitas em campo, pesquisas sobre as atrações. O projeto-piloto testa a aplicação de novos conceitos e metodologias de turismo circular, promovendo a interatividade nas aldeias e conectando outras pequenas aldeias e lugares de interesse patrimonial. Assim, procura-se estimular a economia local, o turismo rural de experiência e a preservação do património cultural e natural.