FCH2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas)
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- Reasons for living and depressive symptomatology in young adults with and without suicide attempts: a moderated mediation approachPublication . Brás, Marta; Martins, Cátia; Nunes, Cristina; Neves de Jesus, Saúl; Madeira, Ana Rita; Carmo, CláudiaIntroduction Suicide is a public health problem worldwide, being the fourth leading cause of death in young adult population (15-29 years). Therefore, it is important to identify its risk and protective factors, and how they interact to develop more effective interventions. The present study aims to analyze the relation between depressive symptoms, hopelessness (risk factors) with reasons for living (protective factors) and suicidal ideation in young adults with and without previous suicide attempts.Methods A sample of 845 Portuguese young adults answered an online form which assessed suicidal ideation, hopelessness, depressive symptoms, and reasons for living. Mean comparisons, correlations, and moderated mediation analysis were computed.Results Individuals with a history of suicide attempt showed higher mean levels in risk factors, compared to individuals without suicide attempt. When no history of suicide attempt was present, ideation was positively and significantly correlated to depression and hopelessness, and negatively correlated to the reasons for living. Higher levels of depressive symptomatology predict lower levels of reasons for living. Mediation and moderation relations were assessed in a model and the history of suicide attempts showed a relevant role.Conclusions The evidence found in this study reinforce that reasons for living may play a preponderant role in suicidal ideation, that is as a negative mediator and therefore it can act as a protective factor.
- Psychometric examination of the proposed specifiers for conduct disorder self-report (PSCD) among an adult community sample from BrazilPublication . Pechorro, Pedro; Bonfá-Araujo, Bruno; Baptista, Makilim Nunes; Nunes, Cristina; DeLisi, Matt; Salekin, Randall T.The Proposed Specifiers for Conduct Disorder (PSCD) is a promising novel scale that measures psychopathic traits and includes an additional conduct disorder factor that taps the antisocial dimension of psychopathy. The current study sought to broaden the application of PSCD by examining the factor structure, convergent and discriminant validity, and connections to delinquency in a young adult sample ( N = 450; M = 31.91 years, SD = 13.02 years) obtained from the Brazilian community. Participants completed a self-report version of the PSCD along with other theoretically meaningful psychometric measures. Results supported a four-factor intercorrelated factor structure, with male participants scoring significantly higher than female participants on the PSCD total, grandiose-manipulative (GM), callous-unemotional (CU), daring-impulsive (DI), and conduct disorder (CD) factors. The four factors of the PSCD mainly presented positive, moderate to high significant inter-correlations and adequate reliability. The convergent validity with measures of the dark tetrad of personality, difficulties in emotion regulation, and self-reported delinquency also revealed positive moderate significant associations. Our findings support the use of the PSCD as a promising short, time-effective self-report measure of psychopathic traits in young adults.
- Disgust and other negative emotions in the relationship between mental contamination and post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic reviewPublication . Jiménez-Ros, Antonia María; Marques, Beatriz; Delgado-Pardo, Gracia; Martins, Ana TeresaBackground: Mental contamination (MC) refers to feelings of internal filthiness associated with contamination obsessions. Ego-dystonic memories and thoughts can trigger MC, although it can also be activated by trauma, which is associated with the onset of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Research shows that MC, negative emotions and PTSD can occur simultaneously. Despite considerable interest from researchers and clinicians, to the best of our knowledge, no systematic review has been carried out on the relationship between disgust and other negative emotions with MC and PTSD. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review to summarise and synthesise the current understanding of these constructs in PTSD. The main objective of this study was to review the association between MC, post-traumatic stress disorder and trauma; the role of disgust and other negative emotions in these associations; and whether the relationship between MC and trauma is limited to traumatic sexual experiences. Method: We searched PsycINFO, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection, Scopus, Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Cochrane Library, APA PsycNet, and the Online Library of the University of Algarve. We also included grey literature published in Google Scholar. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. Results: Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria for the review. Among these, six studies used a randomised methodology, nine used a non-randomised methodology, and five used a descriptive methodology. The results showed that MC is associated with all types of interpersonal trauma, although the relationship with sexual trauma was the strongest. Both basic emotion and disgust sensitivity appear to be significantly associated with MC and the severity of PTSD symptoms. Similarly, other negative emotions are positively associated with MC, although the experience and reappraisal of negative emotions may potentially attenuate the experience of MC. Conclusions: Based on the findings, MC, disgust and negative emotions are important clinical constructs associated with trauma and PTSD. These results may contribute to our understanding and treatment of PTSD.
- Death anxiety and work passion: cross-cultural analyses from Portugal and Saudi ArabiaPublication . Sousa, Cátia; Gonçalves, Gabriela; AL-Dossary, Saeed A.This cross-sectional, cross-cultural study aimed to investigate the relationships between death anxiety and work passion, focusing on the dimensions of harmonious and obsessive passion, as well as the moderating roles of work centrality and connection to work. Participants included Portuguese (n = 301) and Saudi Arabian (n = 181) employees. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze these relationships. The results revealed significant differences between the two groups, with Arabian participants reporting higher levels of death anxiety, work passion, and work centrality compared to Portuguese participants. The model demonstrated an adequate fit in both cultural contexts. The results indicated that death anxiety was negatively associated with harmonious work passion and positively associated with obsessive work passion in both cultures, with these effects being more pronounced among Saudi Arabian participants. Results of moderation analysis revealed that work centrality moderated the relationship between death anxiety and harmonious work passion only in Saudi Arab sample, while connection to work moderated this relationship only in Portuguese sample. Furthermore, the results indicated that work centrality and connection to work have no moderating effects on obsessive work passion in both cultures. These findings highlight the potential influence of cultural values on attitudes toward work and the interplay between personal and professional life, shaping how individuals experience death anxiety in the workplace.
- Participatory culture and knowledge sharing among educators and scholars in higher educationPublication . Quintas-Mendes, António; Videira Paiva, Ana MariaThis study aims to explore how subjects identified as digital scholars use social media for sharing information and know-edge. A qualitative approach was used with in-depth semi-structured interviews to a purposive sample of 13 subjects. We adopted the Braun and Clarke Thematic Analysis approach and used NVivo QDA Software for the analysis of the data. The results point to 3 major themes: 1) Sharing 2) Interacting and Communicating and 3) Connecting and Networking. The participants in this study reveal a clear awareness of the importance of online presence and interaction with others in establishing shares, dialogues, relation-ships and bonds on the network. However, there is some heterogeneity among the participants, some being assumed as more active and participatory and others as less so, some clearly separating the work and non-work contexts and others for whom this distinction is less relevant. Motivations for sharing, such as altruism and generosity, are also related to possible gains in social capital. What is common to all participants is the need to find value in what is shared in networks, as well as the need for these actions to have some utility for themselves or for the collectives where information and knowledge are shared.
- Flourishing, cinematic self, and sense of self as predictors of death anxiety: A gender-invariant modelPublication . Gomes, Alexandra; AL-Dossary, Saeed A.; Sousa, Cátia; Gonçalves, GabrielaThis research delved into the intricate landscape of death anxiety, a profound psychological phenomenon that deeply influences individuals’ perceptions and responses to mortality. Through a meticulous examination of key psychological factors – flourishing, cinematic self, and sense of self – we aimed to unravel the complexities surrounding this existential concern. With a diverse sample of 327 Portuguese participants, our study sheds light on the significant role these constructs play in shaping individuals' experiences of death anxiety. Notably, we highlight the profound impact of a robust sense of self in mitigating anxiety levels. Additionally, our exploration of gender dynamics revealed consistent patterns across diverse groups, underscoring the universal nature of these psychological processes. By providing a nuanced understanding of death anxiety and its determinants, our study offers valuable insights for the development of tailored interventions aimed at alleviating psychological distress and promoting well-being in individuals facing existential concerns.
- As Termópilas na poesia de Fernando CabritaPublication . Nogueira, AdrianaComo pode a história grega dialogar com a poesia portuguesa contemporânea? Como pode ultrapassar a barreira das referências genéricas eruditas? Poderá assumir-se como uma forma de ler a história contemporânea? Pretendemos encontrar respostas a estas perguntas, através do modo como o episódio das Termópilas surge na poesia de Fernando Cabrita. Começámos por enquadrar a batalha na fonte herodoteia e delineámos marcas da receção de alguns dos seus aspetos mais populares. Interessou-nos, ainda, analisar como este episódio concreto da história grega poderia ser uma forma de leitura de vivências da história portuguesa no último terço do séc. XX. Na análise do poema, procurámos as temáticas universais que nos permitem compreender a contemporaneidade, funcionando as referências históricas como catacreses poéticas.
- A Escola da Ponte: do ensino emergencial ao regresso às aulas presenciaisPublication . Fonseca, Fabíola Pereira Sarmento da; Vilhena, CarlaA pandemia causada pelo coronavírus SARS-CoV-2 impôs uma transformação repentina da vida quotidiana. A escola teve de se adaptar rapidamente a essa nova realidade, adotando o que se veio a designar de Ensino Remoto de Emergência (ERE). Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o impacto da passagem ao ERE num contexto particular, a Escola da Ponte, uma escola com um modelo pedagógico assente no trabalho colaborativo e autónomo. Mais concretamente, pretendemos: compreender as percepções dos docentes acerca dos desafios que se colocaram à comunidade educativa da Escola da Ponte, na passagem ao ERE; analisar as estratégias utilizadas pelos docentes para manter a proposta do “Projeto Educativo: Fazer a Ponte” no período de ERE; descrever o processo de retoma do ensino presencial, num contexto pandémico. Optamos por uma abordagem metodológica de natureza qualitativa, mais concretamente pelo estudo de caso. Os resultados revelam que as estratégias adotadas pelos docentes da Escola da Ponte no período de transição para o ERE e no regresso às aulas presenciais foram fundamentais para mitigar as desigualdades sociais e educativas existentes e garantir continuidade no processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos alunos. Apesar das restrições, observou-se, neste período, inovação nas práticas pedagógicas, especialmente pelo uso das plataformas e tecnologias digitais, assente no trabalho colaborativo.
- Positive psychological capital in health professionals: a systematic literature reviewPublication . Ruiz, Ana Paula Santana; Viseu, João Nuno Ribeiro; Cifuentes-Tinjaca, Cristian David; Neves de Jesus, SaúlIntroduction: Health organisations need to attract and retain health professionals as well as protect and improve their mental health following the premises of positive psychology, particularly with regard to positive psychological capital. Objective: This review aimed to map studies that addressed positive psychological capital in empirical research with samples of health professionals. Method: A systematic literature review of articles addressing positive psychological capital in samples of physicians and nurses was conducted. The search for primary studies was carried out in April 2023, in the databases: PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Nursing & Allied Health Collection, Scopus and Web of Science. Results: 20 articles were included in the review in which the main concepts with which positive psychological capital was related were analysed, according to their nature, positive or negative, observing the role that positive psychological capital assumed as a variable, the instruments used to measure this concept and the statistical analysis performed. Conclusions: Positive psychological capital was positively associated with work engagement, perceived organisational support, intention to stay, positive aspects of the work environment, innovative behaviours, and leader-member exchange. Furthermore, this concept was negatively related to work stressors, emotional exhaustion, and psychological distress. The main gap highlighted in the primary studies was the use of cross-sectional designs, which prevent the inference of causality. These results reinforce the need for an intervention with regards to physicians and nurses based on the development of positive psychological capital.
- Developing a european psychotherapy consortium (EPoC): towards adopting a single-item self-report outcome measure across European countriesPublication . Gonçalves, Miguel M.; Lutz, Wolfgang; Schwartz, Brian; Oliveira, João Tiago; Saarni, Suoma E.; Tishby, Orya; Rubel, Julian A.; Boehnke, Jan R.; Montesano, Adrian; Paiva, Dario; Ceridono, Davide; Zech, Emmanuelle; Willemsen, Jochem; Saarni, Samuli I.; Erzar, Katarina Kompan; Janeiro, Luís; Gelo, Omar C. G.; Errázuriz, Paula; Holas, Pawel; Styła, Rafał; Rožič, Tatjana; Rosenström, Tom; Békés, Vera; Unoka, Zsolt; Barkham, MichaelBackground: Complementing the development of evidence-based psychological therapies, practice-based evidence has developed from patient samples collected in routine care, addressing questions relevant to patients and practitioners, and thereby expanding our knowledge of psychological therapies and their impact. Implementation of assessments in routine care allows for timely clinical decision support and the collection of multiple practice-based data sets by addressing the needs of patients and clinicians (e.g., routine outcome monitoring) and the needs of researchers (e.g., identifying the impact of therapist variables on outcomes). Method: In this article we describe an initiative developed in Europe, through the European Chapter of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, aimed at creating a consortium that has the potential for collecting data on tens of thousands of patients per year. Results: A survey identified one of the main problems in the development of a common data set to be the heterogeneity of measures used by members (e.g., 87 different pre-post outcomes). We report on the results of the survey and the initial stage of identifying a single-item - the Emotional and Psychological Outcome (EPO-1) - measure and the process of its translation into multiple European languages. Conclusions: We conclude this first stage of the overall project by discussing the future potential of the Consortium in relation to the development of procedures that allow crosswalks of outcome measures and the creation of a task force that may be consulted when new data sets are collected, aiming for new common measures to be implemented and shared.