Loading...
19 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 19
- Measuring active ageing: a Data Envelopment Analysis approachPublication . Amado, Carla; São José, José; Santos, Sérgio Pereira dosThe 'Active Ageing Index' was created with the purpose of helping policy makers implement and monitor active ageing policies both at European and national levels. However, this index has not fully achieved this purpose. In this article we propose a methodological approach based on Data Envelopment Analysis to enhance the measurement of active ageing in the European Union countries. We use a model with 22 indicators grouped into four domains. By introducing different types of virtual weight restrictions, we combine normative judgements with an optimisation procedure, showing each country in the best possible light. Furthermore, we undertake a sensitivity analysis regarding the effect of varying the limits of the relative contribution of each domain.The results show that the proposed approach has great potential in this context, allowing the comparison of countries and the identification of relevant targets and benchmarks, even when there is uncertainty regarding the relative importance of the indicators and domains considered. For most countries, the results are robust regarding different levels of flexibility for the relative contribution of each domain. We identify six countries that represent relevant benchmarks for the underperforming countries. The underperforming countries have some potential for improvement in terms of active ageing, whilst respecting their preferences and specificities for the processes that can be used to actively age. Based on a flexible evaluation of the countries, we contribute to develop a better tool to guide the European Union countries towards the formulation and monitoring of more effective policy measures to promote active ageing. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- Older persons' experiences and perspectives of receiving social care: a systematic review of the qualitative literaturePublication . São José, José; Barros, Rosanna; Samitca, Sanda; Teixeira, Ana RitaThe topic of social care for older people has gained increasing attention from the part of academics, professionals, policy makers and media. However, we know little about this topic from the perspectives of older persons, which hinders future developments in terms of theory, empirical research, professional practice and social policy. This article presents and discusses a systematic review of relevant qualitative research-based evidence on the older persons' experiences and perspectives of receiving social care published between 1990 and September 2014. This review aimed to obtain answers to the following questions: How is the reception of social care experienced by the older persons? What are the negative and positive aspects of these experiences? What are the factors which influence the experiences? The synthesis of the findings of reviewed papers identified six analytical themes: asking for care as a major challenge; ambivalences; (dis)engagement in decisions concerning care; multiple losses as outcomes of receiving social care; multiple strategies to deal with losses originated by the ageing process; and properties of good care'. These themes are discussed from the point of view of their implications for theory, care practice and social policy, and future research.
- ElderViews. O Outro Lado da Relação de Cuidar: o Olhar do Idoso. Relatório de Revisão da LiteraturaPublication . São José, José; Barros, Rosanna; Samitca, Sanda; Teixeira, Ana RitaNa revisão da literatura que se segue pretendemos dar resposta à seguinte questão: o que é que se sabe, em termos científicos, sobre as perspetivas das pessoas idosas relativamente aos relacionamentos de cuidar em que estão inseridos? Far-se-á também uma caracterização da produção científica sobre esta problemática em termos das suas orientações teóricas e metodológicas, e ainda uma apreciação crítica da investigação revista, salientando-se os seus principais aspetos positivos e as suas principais fragilidades.
- As políticas de envelhecimento ativo: contributos para uma análise críticaPublication . São José, José; Teixeira, Ana RitaO envelhecimento populacional coloca diversos desafios às sociedades contemporâneas, nomeadamente nos domínios dos cuidados de saúde, cuidados sociais, proteção social, produtividade económica, entre outros domínios. Uma das estratégias políticas mais propaladas para lidar com estes desafios, tanto ao nível europeu como a nível global, é o “Envelhecimento Ativo”. Apesar da crescente ênfase atribuída ao envelhecimento ativo, ainda não se sabe muito bem de que é que falamos quando falamos de EA, pois não existe um consenso sobre a sua definição. Para além disto, o debate sobre o EA, mais concretamente sobre o seu suporte teórico e empírico, bem como sobre as suas potencialidades, obstáculos e riscos, ainda está numa fase inicial. Este artigo pretende contribuir para a discussão crítica das políticas de EA, procurando discutir, mais especificamente, os obstáculos, as potencialidades e os riscos das políticas de EA.
- A divisão dos cuidados sociais prestados a pessoas idosas: complexidades, desigualdades e preferênciasPublication . São José, JoséEste artigo foca-se na divisão dos cuidados sociais prestados a pessoas idosas entre os cuidadores familiares e os cuidadores não familiares. Através do uso de instrumentos concetuais que vão para além das concetualizações dicotómicas usadas na investigação já realizada sobre este tema, este artigo tem como objetivo dar conta das formas como os cuidadores familiares dividem os cuidados com os cuidadores não familiares, das vantagens e desvantagens que os primeiros atribuem às respetivas formas de divisão, e das suas perspetivas relativamente à futura divisão dos cuidados. Os resultados mais relevantes—do ponto de vista sociológico, das práticas profissionais e das políticas sociais—são discutidos de uma forma aprofundada.
- Age-discrepant couples involving an older adult: the final frontier of ageism? attitudes in eight Latin American countriesPublication . Villar, Feliciano; Serrat, Rodrigo; São José, José; Montero, Maria; Josefina Arias, Claudia; Nina-Estrella, Ruth; Curcio, Camen-Lucia; Carbajal, Maria; da Cassia Oliveira, Rita; Tirro, Victoria; Alfonso, AlinaThis study aims to explore attitudes towards age-discrepant relationships and examine the influence of variables such as gender, generation and culture on such attitudes. The sample was made up of 1,510 participants divided into three age groups (18-29, 60-69 and 70 years and over) from eight Latin American countries. Participants' answers to two incomplete sentences regarding age-discrepant couples were content analyzed and a series of binary logistic regressions were run to test the association of the resulting categories with the independent variables included in the study. Results showed that attitudes towards age-discrepant relationships were fairly evenly split between acceptance (44.8%) and rejection (41.3%). Participants' attitudes were significantly associated with gender, generation and culture. Findings from this study suggest that negative attitudes towards age-discrepant couples are pervasive, accounting for almost 50% of responses. A broader, more inclusive view of relationships between generations should be promoted, particularly among younger generations.
- Enquadramento institucional e respostas sociais aos cuidados de idososPublication . São José, José; Lopes, Alexandra; Lemos, RuteApresentam-se os diferentes mecanismos de proteção social que caracterizam o atual sistema nacional português em matéria de apoio à população idosa. Esses mecanismos enquadram-se em três grandes grupos, os quais acabam por dar mote à organização da apresentação:os benefícios monetários; os benefícios não monetários; e as respostas sociais integradas em programas e planos de ação específicos
- What are we talking about when we talk about care? A conceptual review of the literaturePublication . São José, JoséThe primary aim of this article is to make a contribution to clarify the concept of ?care? in the field of care for older people, by reviewing and discussing the conceptual literature and, based on this, by proposing a new unified definition. The secondary aim of this article is to trace, in general terms, the evolution of the empirical research on care for older people, presenting at the same time, possible avenues for future research. It is expected that a new unified definition of the concept of care may contribute to a better operationalization of it, enhancing the reliability and validity of future research and the potential for comparative analysis and theory development.
- Preserving Dignity in Later LifePublication . São José, JoséThis article examines how elders who receive social care in the community experience loss of dignity and how they preserve their dignity. Qualitative research revealed that loss of dignity is a major concern for these elders and that they preserve their dignity differently, ranging from actively engaging with life to detaching themselves from life. We conclude that, in later life, preserving dignity while receiving social care differs from preserving dignity in the context of health care, especially health care provided in institutional settings. Furthermore, preserving dignity in later life, while receiving social care, is a complex process, depending not only on performing activities and individual action and responsibility, but also on other actions, some of them involving a certain inactivity/passivity, and interactions with others, especially caregivers. This article offers some insights to developing better policies and care practices for promoting dignity in the context of community-based social care.
- Ageism in health care: A systematic review of operational definitions and inductive conceptualizationsPublication . São José, José; Amado, Carla; Ilinca, Stefania; Buttigieg, Sandra Catherine; Larsson, Annika TaghizadehPurpose International and national bodies have identified tackling ageism in health care as an urgent goal. However, health professionals, researchers, and policy makers recognize that it is not easy to identity and fight ageism in practice, as the identification of multiple manifestations of ageism is dependent on the way it is defined and operationalized. This article reports on a systematic review of the operational definitions and inductive conceptualizations of ageism in the context of health care. Design and Methods We reviewed scientific articles published from January 1995 to June 2015 and indexed in the electronic databases Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane. Electronic searches were complemented with visual scanning of reference lists and hand searching of leading journals in the field of ageing and social gerontology. Results The review reveals that the predominant forms of operationalization and inductive conceptualization of ageism in the context of health care have neglected some components of ageism, namely the self-directed and implicit components. Furthermore, the instruments used to measure ageism in health care have as targets older people in general, not older patients in particular. Implications The results have important implications for the advancement of research on this topic, as well as for the development of interventions to fight ageism in practice. There is a need to take into account underexplored forms of operationalization and inductive conceptualizations of ageism, such as self-directed ageism and implicit ageism. In addition, ageism in health care should be measured by using context-specific instruments.