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Paisagem de socalcos: conhecimento e reconhecimento do caráter da paisagem Algarvia
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Abstract(s)
Como em muitas outras regiões costeiras mediterrâneas, ao longo de muitas
gerações, as colinas calcárias da área conhecida por "Barrocal Algarvio", que
formam o pano de fundo da zona costeira mais urbanizada do Algarve, foram
moldadas por uma rede de muros de pedra seca que parece constituir uma peça
estruturante da paisagem desta região. O coberto arbóreo natural original foi
sendo substituído pelo designado "pomar de sequeiro”, perfeitamente adaptado
às características edafo-climáticas e que é tido como um fator distintivo da
paisagem algarvia. Este estudo foca-se nos muros de pedra seca do Barrocal
Algarvio. Pretende-se contribuir para o seu conhecimento enquanto estruturas
da paisagem, bem como para o seu reconhecimento enquanto elementos
determinantes do caráter ou identidade da paisagem Algarvia.
Carateriza-se, numa área representativa do Barrocal, os muros de pedra
seca através de um levantamento (e cartografia) da estrutura espacial da rede de
muros, a sua evolução recente (informação obtida de mapas de uso do solo e
fotografias aéreas dos anos 1978, 2002 e 2015, processada num sistema de
informação geográfico), e o estado atual de conservação dos muros de pedra seca
(com base em amostragem de campo). Estuda-se também a forma como o caráter
ou identidade da paisagem do Barrocal é percebido pelas pessoas, e qual a
perceção que têm destes elementos estruturantes da sua paisagem, os muros de
pedra seca (baseado em entrevistas e na respetiva análise de conteúdos).
Os resultados indicam que, na área de estudo, nos últimos cerca de 60 anos,
a rede de muros de pedra seca pouco se alterou e que o estado atual de
conservação dos muros pode ser considerado médio-bom. Os resultados também
indicam que há elementos do património natural e cultural, como as pedras
calcárias, matos mediterrânicos, pomares de sequeiro, muros, povoamento
disperso e o padrão da paisagem, que surgem associados a “elementos” imateriais, a costumes, modos de vida e saberes tradicionais, que são percebidos como
identitários do Barrocal Algarvio. Estes conectam-se ainda, reciprocamente, a
sentimentos de pertença e identidade ao lugar, que indicam a grande
importância que o passado desempenha na moderna construção de narrativas
associadas ao Barrocal. Espera-se contribuir para o reconhecimento público da
importância dos muros de pedra seca e correspondente ponderação no
ordenamento da paisagem regional.
As in many other Mediterranean coastal regions, over many generations, the limestone hills of the area known as the Barrocal Algarvio, which form the backdrop to the most urbanized coastal area of the Algarve, have been shaped by a network of dry-stone walls which seem to form a structural part of the landscape of this region. The original natural tree cover was replaced by the so-called “drylands orchard”, perfectly adapted to the soil and climate characteristics and considered a distinctive factor of Algarve landscape. This study focuses on the dry-stone walls of the Barrocal Algarvio. The aim is to contribute to the knowledge of those landscape structures, as well as they become recognized as determining elements of the character or identity of the Algarve landscape. In a representative area of the Barrocal, the dry-stone walls are characterized through a survey (and cartography) of the spatial structure of the wall network, its recent evolution (information obtained from land use maps and aerial photographs from the years 1978, 2002 and 2015, processed in a geographic information system), and the current state of conservation of the dry-stone walls (based on field sampling). We also studied how the character or identity of the Barrocal landscape is perceived by people, and what their perception is of these structural elements of the landscape, the dry-stone walls (based on interviews and content analysis). The results indicate that in the study area, in the last 60 years or so, the network of dry-stone walls has changed little and that the current state of conservation of the walls can be considered medium-good. The results also indicate that there are elements of natural and cultural heritage, such as limestones, Mediterranean scrubland, dry land orchards, walls, dispersed settlement and the landscape pattern, which appear associated with immaterial "elements", customs, ways of life and traditional knowledge, which are perceived as identifying the Barrocal Algarvio. These are also connected, reciprocally, to feelings of belonging and identity to the place, which indicate the great importance that the past plays in the modern construction of narratives associated with the Barrocal. It is hoped to contribute to the public recognition of the importance of dry-stone walls and their corresponding weighting in the region-al landscape planning.
As in many other Mediterranean coastal regions, over many generations, the limestone hills of the area known as the Barrocal Algarvio, which form the backdrop to the most urbanized coastal area of the Algarve, have been shaped by a network of dry-stone walls which seem to form a structural part of the landscape of this region. The original natural tree cover was replaced by the so-called “drylands orchard”, perfectly adapted to the soil and climate characteristics and considered a distinctive factor of Algarve landscape. This study focuses on the dry-stone walls of the Barrocal Algarvio. The aim is to contribute to the knowledge of those landscape structures, as well as they become recognized as determining elements of the character or identity of the Algarve landscape. In a representative area of the Barrocal, the dry-stone walls are characterized through a survey (and cartography) of the spatial structure of the wall network, its recent evolution (information obtained from land use maps and aerial photographs from the years 1978, 2002 and 2015, processed in a geographic information system), and the current state of conservation of the dry-stone walls (based on field sampling). We also studied how the character or identity of the Barrocal landscape is perceived by people, and what their perception is of these structural elements of the landscape, the dry-stone walls (based on interviews and content analysis). The results indicate that in the study area, in the last 60 years or so, the network of dry-stone walls has changed little and that the current state of conservation of the walls can be considered medium-good. The results also indicate that there are elements of natural and cultural heritage, such as limestones, Mediterranean scrubland, dry land orchards, walls, dispersed settlement and the landscape pattern, which appear associated with immaterial "elements", customs, ways of life and traditional knowledge, which are perceived as identifying the Barrocal Algarvio. These are also connected, reciprocally, to feelings of belonging and identity to the place, which indicate the great importance that the past plays in the modern construction of narratives associated with the Barrocal. It is hoped to contribute to the public recognition of the importance of dry-stone walls and their corresponding weighting in the region-al landscape planning.
Description
Keywords
Barrocal Algarvio Identidade da paisagem Perceção da paisagem Muros de pedra seca Evolução da paisagem Paisagem cultural