ESS2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas)
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Percorrer ESS2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas) por Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) "03:Saúde de Qualidade"
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- Abdominal Ultrasound Phantom – A potential training toolPublication . Pinheiro, João; Ribeiro, A. D. M.; Ribeiro, L. P. V. P. V.The purpose of this educational intervention was to evaluate the effectiveness of abdominal ultrasound phantoms as a simulation-based learning tool in the training of Medical Imaging and Radiology students. Abdominal ultrasonography is a highly operator-dependent modality, yet undergraduate training is often limited by restricted patient access, ethical considerations, and reduced opportunities for supervised practice [3,6]. Simulation-based learning offers a safe and reproducible environment for hands-on training, supporting experiential learning and skill acquisition [3,4].
- O acesso aos serviços públicos de saúde no futuro: Elementos para a realização de uma antropologia antecipatóriaPublication . Pinto da Costa, José CarlosO documento discute como as transformações nos sistemas de saúde, como a medicina de precisão, saúde digital e cuidados baseados em valor, podem afetar a equidade no acesso à saúde no futuro. Apresenta as três discursividades e como contribuem para a eficiência, mas também podem aumentar os custos e dificultar o acesso. Conclui que é preciso antecipar os impactos destas transformações nas populações para promover a equidade no acesso aos cuidados.
- Anticholinergic burden in elderly people in nursing homes: cross-sectional assessment using ACB calculator and CRIDECO anticholinergic load scalePublication . Nascimento, Tânia; Matos, Maria Ana; Pinto, EzequielBackground/Objectives: Anticholinergic burden is an important risk marker in older adults, associated with cognitive decline, falls, and increased mortality. This study aimed to assess anticholinergic burden in institutionalized elderly individuals using two tools (ACB calculator and CALS—CRIDECO Anticholinergic Load Scale), as well as to analyze its relationship with pharmacotherapeutic variables like polypharmacy. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted by analyzing the pharmacotherapeutic profiles of institutionalized elderly individuals (≥65 years) utilizing individualized medication preparation services from a community pharmacy in Alentejo (Portugal). Participants agreed to the study and had complete, up-to-date pharmacotherapeutic profiles. Results: The pharmacotherapeutic profiles of 75 institutionalized elderly people were analyzed; the sample comprised mostly women (72%) who had experienced excessive polypharmacy (≥10 medications) (56%) and had an average age of 85.62 ± 7.62 years. It was found that 90.7% (ACB) and 89.3% (CALS—CRIDECO) of the elderly had anticholinergic burden, with mean values of 3.60 ± 2.84 and 3.33 ± 2.51, respectively. Women exhibited higher anticholinergic burden in unadjusted analyses (p < 0.05). The burden correlated moderately with the total number of medications (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results show high exposure to anticholinergic medications in the institutionalized elderly population, reinforcing the rationale for systematic therapeutic reviews focused on the pharmacological safety of institutionalized older adults in community pharmacies.
- A autoetnografia como opção metodológica no estudo antropológico das situações de vulnerabilidade: exemplo de um caso de hipotiroidismoPublication . Pinto da Costa, José CarlosO antropólogo confronta-se, desde sempre, com a incapacidade de participar da condição das pessoas que vivem situações de vulnerabilidade, concretamente, devidas a problemas de saúde, ao sofrimento de situações de violência ou mesmo à experiência da clausura. Neste artigo argumenta-se que este ângulo morto da análise antropológica pode ser relativamente superado através de uma abordagem autoetnográfica. Descrevendo a sua experiência pessoal num caso de falência da função tiroideia, o autor fornece indicadores que poderão ajudar a analisar em profundidade as experiências das pessoas que vivem situações de vulnerabilidade.
- Bone mineral density and body composition among individuals who practice sports with mechanical impact and sedentary activitiesPublication . Pinheiro, João; Ribeiro, Luís Pedro; Coelho-e-Silva, ManuelThe purpose of this study was to evaluate indicators of bone health associated with sports practice in male adolescents using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to measure bone mineral content (BMC), density (BMD), and body composition (BC) for the whole body (WB) and specific regions. This cross-sectional study involved 65 individuals (18–35 years). Athletes had higher BMD for WB (1.064 ± 0.121 g/m−2) than sedentary individuals (0.753 ± 0.129 g/cm−2). Differences were also observed within specific regions such as the trunk, upper and lower limbs. Individuals who practice regular sports present improved bone health indicators compared to their sedentary peers.
- Chemical and health risks of swimming pool maintenance workersPublication . Silva, Adriana; Pinto, Ezequiel; Braz, Nídia Maria Dias Azinheira RebeloSwimming pool maintenance workers are exposed to occupational hazards, as it involves the regular handling of toxic chemicals. These exposures can result in acute reactions or chronic complications. The present study, still in the design phase, aims to describe the chemical and biological exposure of workers of a swimming pool maintenance company and to verify its compliance with the safety standards in force. A quantitative questionnaire will identify the use of personal protective equipment, chemical agents, and handling procedures, particularly regarding the time and frequency of use.
- Commentary on: nurses’ perceptions of artificial intelligence (AI) integration into practice: an integrative reviewPublication . Xavier, Tânia; Oliveira, ClaudiaWe are writing this letter to congratulate you on the paper ‘Nurses’ perceptions of artificial intelligence (AI) integration into practice: An integrative review’ by Lora and Foran, recently published in your journal. In this paper the authors synthesise remarkable, valuable and challenging aspects of the new era of artificial intelligence (AI) in the clinical practice of nursing. AI has been introduced into the most diverse areas of knowledge, opening a vast range of possibilities. This integrative review makes a timely and relevant contribution to the growing body of literature on the intersection between nursing and AI. The authors show that the practice of nursing, especially in the perioperative environment, is no exception.
- Conventional, specific, and robotic instrumentation in total knee arthroplasty. How are we progressing in functional outcomes and patient satisfaction?Publication . de Almeida Fontes, Ana Paula; Sousa, João PauloIn recent years, technological advances in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have made procedures more precise, reducing complications and accelerating recovery. Although the latest techniques offer several advantages, there are still doubts regarding their true functional efficacy and the level of patient satisfaction they provide. Methods: A retrospective study involving 1,076 patients, distributed as follows: 366 (34.0%) conventional instrumentation (CI), 591 (54.9%) Patient-Specific Instrumentation (PSI), and 119 (11.1%) robotics. All functional outcomes were assessed preoperatively and 90 days postoperatively. Bivariate analyses were performed using ANOVA and the Kruskal- Wallis test, with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: At 90 days, the robotics maintained the greatest flexion range (p = 0.001) and outperformed the PSI and IC in the walking test (350.3 ± 102.1 vs. 312.5 ± 92.9 and 283.8 ± 84.8, respectively; p < 0.001). On the WOMAC test, PSI performed best (14.5 ± 10.6; p = 0.001), with IC and robotics showing similar results (p = 0.974). There was no difference between the groups in absolute gains. In terms of percentage gains, PSI was higher in WOMAC compared to IC (p=0.041) and robotics (p<0.001). Satisfaction was identical between the instrumentation methods (p=0.199). Conclusion: Absolute gains in functional evolution and satisfaction appear to be independent of the surgical technique, although PSI appears to offer improvements in functional activities. Given the still-limited experience with robotic surgery, the functional benefits and long-term satisfaction remain inconclusive.
- The cultural adaptation of value-based health care modelPublication . Pinto da Costa, José CarlosPrecision medicine is a set of practices that seek to adjust medical treatments according to the genetic variability of individuals and the socio-environmental contextin which they live. Due to this genetic-environmental interference, everyone has different organic characteristics that require different clinical and preventive approaches. The goal of precision medicine is therefore “to classify individuals into subpopulations that differ in their susceptibility to a particular disease or their response to a specific treatment.” (The National Research Council, 2011, cited by Ginsburg & Phillips, 2018: 2).
- Designing digital health futuresPublication . Pinto da Costa, José CarlosTraditionally, anthropological studies have primarily focused on cultural heritage, customs, and traditions, often neglecting the reciprocal influence between current actions and future aspirations. In scrutinizing the implementation of digital health initiatives in Portugal, I shift focus from unraveling healthcare practices to critiquing anthropology's methodologies. While healthcare agents must discard previous help-seeking notions, anthropologists, in contrast, substitute their conventional subject matter with a commitment to envisioning sustainable futures. This intricate process explores how the idealized "ought to be" molds the "being" within social practices, where anthropology holds significance and legitimacy. The analysis sheds light on speculative methods, facilitating hypothetical actions that challenge established norms in the present-making process. Both observed and observers undergo transformation through this journey. Drawing from my direct involvement in social innovation projects related to digital health, I scrutinize entrenched anthropological practices and challenge the prevailing notion that innovation alone guarantees comprehensive sustainability. Exploring themes such as evolving practices, envisioning futures, and examining the convergence of the present and future, I advocate for narratives that transcend mere technological solutions to address societal challenges. Ultimately, this presentation aims to fuel discussions on traditional paradigms in anthropology, encouraging a profound exploration of how anthropological analysis shapes the development of sustainable futures.