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FCT2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas)

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http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/198
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Percorrer FCT2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas) por Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) "04:Educação de Qualidade"

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  • The author’s journey—understanding and Improving the authoring process of theory-driven socially intelligent agents
    Publication . Guimarães, Manuel; Campos, Joana; Santos, Pedro A.; Dias, João; Prada, Rui
    State-of-the-art agent-modelling tools support the creation of powerful Socially Intelligent Agents (SIAs) capable of engaging in social interactions with participants in various roles and environments. However, their deployment demands a labourious authoring task as it is necessary to manually define behaviour rules and create content for different interaction scenarios. While Socially Intelligent Agents (SIAs) research has centred on the user experience, we shift focus to the authors. To understand the challenges faced by authors who create these agents, we performed an innovative analysis of the authoring experience in modern agent modelling tools. One key finding is that, while SIA concepts are generally understandable, emotional-based concepts are not as easily comprehended or used by authors. We propose a hybrid solution approach that culminated in the development of Authoring-Assisted FAtiMA-Toolkit. The augmented agent modelling tool incorporates a data-driven Authoring Assistant to boost author productivity while promoting transparency and authorial control. To evaluate the impact of this framework on the authoring experience, we conducted a user study. Results showed that authors using the Authoring-Assisted FAtiMA-Toolkit were on average able to create more SIA-related content in less time. Our findings suggest that data-augmented, theory-grounded agent modelling tools can support the development of affective social agents by reducing the authoring burden without sacrificing the framework’s clarity or the authors’ control over the content.
    2025-04-09Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Categorical aspects of congruence distributivity
    Publication . Hoefnagel, Michael; Rodelo, Diana
    Abstract. We study a categorical condition on relations, which is a categorical formulation of Jónsson’s characterisation of congruence distributive varieties. Categories satisfying these conditions need not be varieties; for instance, the dual of the categories of topological spaces, ordered sets, G-sets, and the dual of any (pre)topos all provide us with examples.
    2024-01-10Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Continual learning for object classification: integrating AutoML for binary classification tasks within a modular dynamic architecture
    Publication . Turner, Daniel; Cardoso, Pedro; Rodrigues, Joao
    For humans it is quite easy to identify a new object after learning to identify existing ones, but not for a machine. Deep neural networks (DNN) are the foundation of the current state-of-the-art methods for training machines to recognize sets of objects. The issue is that any modification to the DNN weights that were trained to classify an initial set of objects has the potential to seriously impair the network’s ability to make those initial classifications; this behaviour is referred to as catastrophic forgetting (CF). This paper presents a continual learning (CL) architecture that can deal with CF. The architecture is composed of two primary parts: (i) The feature extraction component, which is based on the ResNet50 backbone and (ii) the modular dynamic classification (MDC) component. The latter is made up of multiple sub-networks that gradually assemble themselves into a tree-like structure that reorganizes itself as it learns over time, so that each sub-network can operate independently. The MDC relies heavily on binary classification, and here the application of automated machine learning (AutoML) was introduced, where each binary classifier is tailored on-the-fly, and is/can be different from object to object. The strategy involves a calculated selection from a predefined list of model types and parameters, optimizing them for their respective tasks. Results demonstrate that we advanced the adaptability and performance of the network, emphasizing the transformative potential of AutoML in modular CL approaches. Tests on the CORe50 dataset showed accuracy results of 81.1%, which are above the state of the art for CL architectures.
    2024Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Coupled phantom cosmological model motivated by the warm inflationary paradigm
    Publication . Halder, Sudip; Pan, Supriya; Sá, Paulo; Saha, Tapan
    In this article, we investigate a coupled phantom dark-energy cosmological model in which the coupling term between a phantom scalar field with an exponential potential and a pressureless dark-matter fluid is motivated by the warm inflationary paradigm. Using methods of qualitative analysis of dynamical systems, complemented by numerical solutions of the evolution equations, we study the late-time behavior of our model. We show that contrary to the uncoupled scenario, the coupled phantom model admits accelerated scaling solutions. However, they do not correspond to a final state of the Universe’s evolution and, therefore, cannot be used to solve the cosmological coincidence problem. Furthermore, we show that, for certain coupling parameter values, the total equation-of-state parameter’s asymptotic behavior is significantly changed when compared to the uncoupled scenario, allowing for solutions less phantom even for steeper potentials of the phantom scalar field.
    2024-09-12Artigo científico Acesso restrito Ver mais
  • Daniel H. Burckhardt at 70—an appreciation
    Publication . Ouvrard, David; Serbina, Liliya Štarhová; Aguiar, António; Drohojowska, Jowita; Halbert, Susan E.; Raman, Anantanarayanan; Sharma, Anamika; Maseko, Zolile; Mauda, Evans; Zarcos Duarte, Beatriz; Cho, Geonho; Rendón-Mera, Diana Isabel; Yang, Man-Miao; Percy, Diana M.; Zürcher-Pfander, Isabelle; Malenovský, Igor; Bastin, Saskia; Queiroz, Dalva L.
    PD Dr Daniel H. Burckhardt (Figs 1–4) turned 70 on 26 July 2023.His extensive body of work on the taxonomy of insects, initiated even before his doctoral thesis on Western Palaearctic Aphalaridae in 1983, has since expanded to encompass all major psyllid groups (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Psylloidea), both extant and extinct, but also moss bugs (Hemiptera: Coleorrhyncha) and several families of beetles (Coleoptera, mainly Passandridae, but also Jacobsoniidae, Pterogeniidae and Staphylinidae). These contributions have had a profound and lasting impact on our global understanding of these relatively small and often overlooked groups of insects. The biographical details of Daniel Burckhardt’s career and life will not be revisited here, as they have already been thoroughly documented elsewhere. In terms of his tireless dedication and remarkable productivity, the comprehensive list of his publications at the end of this article speaks for itself.Another telling measure of his influence within entomology is the number of PhD students he has mentored, formally or informally, many of whom have gone on to establish successful careers in leading research institutions and natural history museums across Europe and beyond. At a time when taxonomic expertise is rapidly declining, with serious implications for biodiversity research, agriculture and conservation, his intellectual legacy, marked by rigour, precision, and clarity, has been effectively passed on to the next generation. This tribute aims above all to highlight the personal and professional impact Daniel Burckhardt has had on so many colleagues and collaborators. Rather than a conventional biography, it offers a space for those who have worked with him to share their experiences and anecdotes, and to reflect on the influence he has had on their scientific journeys.
    2025-12-08Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • The de sitter swampland conjectures in the context of chaplygin-inspired inflation
    Publication . Bertolami, Orfeu; Potting, Robertus; Sá, Paulo
    In this work, we discuss the de Sitter swampland conjectures in the context of the generalized Chaplygin-inspired inflationary model. We demonstrate that these conjectures can be satisfied, but only in the region of the parameter space far away from the General Relativity limit. The cosmic microwave background data had already been found to restrict the allowed inflationary potentials of this model. Our results impose a further limitation on the possible potentials.
    2024-06-23Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Feature papers in biochem
    Publication . Aureliano, Manuel; Ma, Buyong
    Biochemistry, or the chemistry of life, is an interdisciplinary science that uses strategies and methods from all exact and natural sciences. In that sense, Biochemistry is a discipline known to be challenging for students, typically due to the extent and complexity of the content [1]. However, in the last 10 years, at least fifteen Nobel Prizes in Chemistry, Physiology and Medicine have been awarded in the field and/or for applications of Biochemistry, which reflects the importance of this area of knowledge in contemporary societies [2–7]. Biochemistry connects essential metal ions such as Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+ and Fe2+, and organic compounds, such as nucleic acids, sugars, lipids and proteins, to make biological systems possible, representing a unique platform for interdisciplinary collaborations in teaching and in research [8,9]. Moreover, in addition to biomolecules (proteins, nucleic acids, sugars and lipids), small molecules are necessary for cellular homeostasis, for example, carbonate ions and phosphate ions, responsible for stabilizing physiological pH (close to 7.0) or antioxidants that prevent the effects of cellular stress, as well as due to environmental pollutants, such as metals and/or microplastics [10–12].
    2025-06-11Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • First-year higher education student environmental literacy – the Algarve University case
    Publication . Oliveira Campos, Clarice; Silva Fernandes, Maria Jacinta; Gonçalves, Gabriela; Sousa, Cátia; Spínola, Hélder
    The study aims to contribute to characterizing the environmental literacy profile of students entering higher education in Portugal and to explore associations between sociodemographic variables and environmental knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. A questionnaire survey was conducted with a stratified sample of 451 first-year undergraduate students from the University of the Algarve (southern Portugal). Results suggest that students demonstrated moderate environmental knowledge, positive attitudes toward the environment, and moderately positive pro-environmental behaviors. Evidence of relationships between students' environmental literacy profiles and sociodemographic aspects such as gender and scientific areas of study provides insights for future discussions and promotion of environmental education and culture in higher education institutions in Portugal. This will enable them to play an effective role in enhancing students' environmental literacy and citizenship.
    2024-06-18Documento de conferência Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • FlexiDialogue: Integrating dialogue trees for mental health with large language models
    Publication . Fernandes, João; Antunes, Ana; Campos, Joana; Dias, João; Santos, Pedro
    The increasing prevalence of mental health issues among university students is exacerbated by limited access to support due to shortages of mental health professionals and the stigma associated with seeking help. Virtual mental health assistants can extend the reach of existing resources, but traditional systems reliant on scripted dialogues are constrained by inflexibility and limited adaptability to diverse user inputs. This paper introduces FlexiDialogue, a system that transforms rigid dialogue trees into instruction sets for large language models, facilitating dynamic, contextually appropriate, and multilingual interactions while maintaining the structure and quality of expert-validated dialogue flows. The system was evaluated in three phases: (1) determining how effectively large language models could map open-ended user responses to predefined dialogue tree options, allowing for more natural interaction without compromising control; (2) assessing the models’ ability to paraphrase scripted dialogues to improve conversational fluidity while remaining grounded in the original tree; and (3) conducting an expert review to assess overall performance. Results demonstrated that FlexiDialogue enhanced the flexibility and coherence of interactions, with expert evaluations confirming its potential for mental health support.
    2025Documento de conferência Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Gravitational waves from two scalar fields unifying the dark sector with inflation
    Publication . Luongo, Orlando; Mengoni, Tommaso; Sá, Paulo
    We investigate the gravitational wave background predicted by a two-scalar-field cosmological model that aims to unify primordial inflation with the dark sector, namely, late-time dark energy and dark matter, in a single and self-consistent theoretical framework. The model is constructed from an action inspired by several extensions of general relativity and string-inspired scenarios and features a nonminimal interaction between the two scalar fields, while both remain minimally coupled to gravity. In this context, we derive the gravitational wave energy spectrum over wavelengths ranging from today’s Hubble horizon to those at the end of inflation. We employ the continuous Bogoliubov coefficient formalism, originally introduced to describe particle creation in an expanding Universe, in analogy to the well-established mechanism of gravitational particle production and, in particular, generalized to gravitons. Using this method, which enables an accurate description of graviton creation across all cosmological epochs, we find that inflation provides the dominant gravitational wave contribution, while subdominant features arise at the inflationradiation, radiation-matter, and matter-dark energy transitions, i.e., epochs naturally encoded inside our scalar field picture. The resulting energy density spectrum is thus compared with the sensitivity curves of the planned next-generation ground- and space-based gravitational wave observatories. The comparison identifies frequency bands where the predicted signal could be probed, providing those windows associated with potentially detectable signals, bounded by our analyses. Consequences of our recipe are thus compared with numerical outcomes and the corresponding physical properties are discussed in detail.
    2026-01-27Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais