FCT2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas)
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Percorrer FCT2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas) por Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) "09:Indústria, Inovação e Infraestruturas"
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- Advanced nanotherapeutic strategies transforming diabetic wound healingPublication . Ramos, Filipa; Kumar, Girish; Virmani, Tarun; Sharma, Abhishek; Duarte, Sofia O. D.; Fonte, PedroDue to their high recurrence rates and slow healing, diabetic wounds are becoming a greater public health concern [Citation1]. Each year, 1.6 million cases of diabetic wounds occur in the United States alone, affecting approximately 18.6 million people worldwide [Citation2]. Because of poor cellular regeneration, increased inflammation, and reduced angiogenesis, traditional treatments like debridement, antibiotics, and dressings usually do not work [Citation3]. To overcome the limitations of traditional treatments, there is now a significant demand for advanced therapeutic modalities that promise accurate, efficient, and rapid healing processes [Citation4]. These include microneedles (MNs), exosomes, tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs), three-dimensional scaffolds, gene therapy, oxygen-releasing biomaterials, phototherapies, and nanozymes.
- Another tool for chondrichthyan ex situ conservation: first-time chimaera monstrosa sperm cryopreservationPublication . García-Salinas, Pablo; Gallego, Victor; Asturiano, Juan F.Chondrichthyans, which comprises elasmobranchs (sharks and rays) and holocephalans (chimaeras), are one of the most endangered group of vertebrates on the planet. Ex situ conservation programs, such as captive breeding, are tools that can be used to improve the status of some of the most sensitive species belonging to these groups. However, the use of reproductive techniques is necessary when planning sustainable breeding programs in controlled environments. In recent years, our group has described the protocols necessary to achieve viable sperm extraction and its cryopreservation in 13 species. However, the use of these techniques in the holocephalan group has not yet been explored. Here, the process of obtaining viable sperm in a holocephalan species, Chimaera monstrosa, is presented for the first time. The sperm was obtained from animals recovered from bottom trawling bycatch. It was possible to recover sperm from both males (n = 3), using cannulation and abdominal massage, and females (n = 2), by directly accessing their oviductal glands. Sufficient sperm was obtained from the males to apply cryopreservation protocols developed for elasmobranchs. For this purpose, the sperm was diluted in an extender for elasmobranchs (1 sperm:9 extender) previously developed by our group. The cryopreservation of sperm was achieved through the addition of different cryoprotectants to the extender: methanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and fresh egg yolk. Samples were frozen inside a Styrofoam box using vapor of liquid nitrogen and preserved in liquid nitrogen. Sperm quality was assessed by studying motility and membrane integrity post-thawing. The initial motility and membrane integrity values were close to 54%. The best post-thawing motility values were obtained with a combination of 5% DMSO, 5% methanol and 10% egg yolk, which induced motility values close to 25% and membrane integrity values close to 24%. This is the first time that sperm from this group of animals has been cryopreserved, expanding our knowledge on their reproductive biology and the tools available for their conservation.
- Antibody–drug conjugates: pharmacotherapeutic properties and future perspectivesPublication . Augusto, André; Cristiano, Maria de Lurdes; Conceição, JaimeBackground: The clinical landscape for antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) is currently experiencing an unprecedented expansion, with more than 20 agents approved to date and hundreds presently under clinical evaluation, underscoring their growing impact in precision oncology. By combining the cytotoxic potency of chemotherapy with the selectivity of monoclonal antibodies, ADCs have redefined targeted cancer therapy. Nevertheless, challenges related to toxicity, resistance, and suboptimal drug delivery continue to limit their full clinical potential. Objectives: This review provides a comprehensive description of currently approved ADCs, with a particular focus on their pharmacotherapeutic properties, mechanisms of action, therapeutic indications, and safety profiles. By integrating currently available clinical data and pharmacological properties, it is possible to identify key translational gaps between ADC design and their real-world performance. This article also evaluates how the structural components contribute to both efficacy and toxicity of ADCs, offering a framework for rational molecular optimizations. Conclusions: Beyond the current oncology-centric paradigm, this review highlights the imminent pivot toward non-oncology applications, including targeted therapies for autoimmune, infectious, and neurodegenerative diseases. Importantly, this article highlights emerging innovations shaping the next generation of ADCs, including bispecific antibodies, novel cytotoxic payloads with improved therapeutic indices, and advanced linker technologies enabling more precise payload release. Despite current limitations, ongoing advances in ADC development, along with a rapidly expanding clinical pipeline, position these drugs in a dynamic therapeutic class with the potential to transform multiple complex diseases and improve the quality of life of patients who have them.
- Application of floquet theory and improvement of electron current flow control in a 1D Fe-Cu molecular chainPublication . Nikolic, Violeta; Mariano, JoséAbstract: In this study is investigated the application of Floquet theory to a one- -dimensional (1D) Fe–Cu molecular chain under periodic driving. It was demonstrated that orbital hybridization induces resonant behavior in the low-frequency regime, highlighting the potential of this system for energy-efficient and robust device applications. For the first time, a Floquet electronic friction framework – incorporating the influence of periodic driving on electron transfer – is applied to a 1D Fe–Cu molecular chain in the presence of strong light–matter interaction (LMI). Electron transport properties are analyzed, revealing the existence of an optimal driving frequency that maximizes the electric current. Two mechanisms for enhancing charge transport in the strong LMI regime are identified: a) hybridization-induced resonances and b) photon-assisted transport processes. In this work is combined Floquet band structure analysis with open-system transport modeling in a 1D Fe–Cu motif, revealing the impact of hybridization and periodic driving, on the enhancement of electron transport via photon- -assisted resonances – an approach that bridges quasi-energy spectra and dissipative transport in a single theoretical framework. These findings provide new insights into driven low-dimensional transition-metal systems and may support the development of Fe–Cu-based materials for electrochemical applications.
- Application of semantic web techniques in DW/BI systems for strategic managementPublication . Antunes, António Lorvão; Barateiro, José; Cardoso, ElsaSemantic Web techniques, such as ontologies, facilitate data and knowledge sharing in Information Systems due to their semantic formalization and inference qualities. Integrating knowledge-based artifacts into Decision Support Systems, such as Data Warehouse and Business Intelligence (DW/BI) systems, can provide new information sources, enable new analytical capabilities, and enhance decision-making. In previous work, the Balanced Scorecard Ontology (BSO) was developed to represent knowledge related to the Balanced Scorecard framework, including its concepts and relationships. The BSO was used to assess strategy formulation, implementation, and execution in a public sector organization, demonstrating its impact on strategy management. However, manual ontology population, especially related to performance indicator values, can lead to challenges in data availability, acquisition frequency, and quality. This paper proposes a semantic approach to integrating, aligning, and ensuring traceability between strategy and DW/BI systems. The Light Data Warehouse Ontology is introduced to represent the DW conceptual and logical models and semantically connect them with strategic information using the BSO. This integration enriches strategy analysis by providing strategic context to the BI environment and enabling automatic retrieval of performance indicator values. The proposed framework improves decision-making efficiency, reliability, and timeliness, providing managers with a data-driven environment aligned with organizational strategy.
- Assessing the viability of chitosan-based films reinforced with cellulose nanofibers from salicornia ramosissima agro-industrial by-product for food packagingPublication . Ribeiro Lima, Alexandre; Sautron, Laurence; Kalamaridou, Aliki; Lazzarotto Cristofoli, Nathana; Quintino, Andreia; Amaral, Renata A.; Saraiva, Jorge A.; Vieira, MargaridaThis study investigates the valorisation of Salicornia ramosissima agro-industrial by-product by using cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) extracted from this halophyte to reinforce chitosan-based films. The physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of chitosan films containing 0% (control), 1%, and 2% (w/w) CNF were evaluated. Films were produced by solvent casting with glycerol as a plasticiser. At the 2% CNF concentration, films exhibited a reduced moisture content and increased solubility in aqueous solutions. The water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) decreased as CNF content increased under constant humidity but increased at higher temperature and humidity. Control films were more transparent, yet CNF-reinforced films had higher tensile strength and Young’s modulus, reflecting greater stiffness. Maximum elongation at break decreased markedly with the addition of CNFs. SEM revealed that reinforced films had more heterogeneous, rougher surfaces, particularly at 2% CNF. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that 2% CNF adversely affected the thermal stability of the chitosan film. ATR-FTIR spectra indicated that CNF reinforcement protected against UV-induced degradation. Degradability tests in soil and seawater confirmed that the chitosan–CNF mixture preserved degradability, especially at 1% CNF. These findings demonstrate that reinforcing chitosan-based films with CNFs from S. ramosissima can improve functional properties and suggest the potential of this approach for biomaterials development in food packaging applications.
- Assessment of cell disruption methods in an integrated multi-product biorefinery for Nannochloropsis Oceanica: from process design to economic analysis.Publication . Cunha, Pedro; Carvalho, Bernardo; Kholany, Mariam; Pereira, Hugo; Varela, JoãoMicroalgae are bioresources with significant potential within a sustainable, circular, bio-economy. However, high production costs have limited the widespread use of algae biomass. This study aimed to develop a multi-product biorefinery for Nannochloropsis oceanica that generates multiple revenue streams from the biomass, thereby enhancing the economic viability of algal production. The effectiveness of cell wall disruption using high-pressure homogenization and enzymatic hydrolysis was evaluated. Enzymatic hydrolysis solubilized nearly half (48.2 ± 1.5%) of the dry cell weight, compared to only 27.3 ± 3.2% with high-pressure homogenization, resulting in more concentrated water-soluble fractions and significantly higher protein extraction yields. Lipid extracts obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis had higher lipid (72.0 ± 5.3% w/w) and eicosapentaenoic acid (28.1 ± 6.9% w/w) contents than those from high-pressure homogenization (38.8 ± 6.1% w/w lipids; 9.1 ± 0.6% w/w eicosapentaenoic acid), despite similar lipid extraction yields (around 30%). Increasing the ethanol volumetric ratio from 58% to 75% v/v significantly improved lipid extraction yields (57.4 ± 3.1%) in the enzymatic hydrolysis-based biorefinery, with even higher yields observed upon scaling up (70.1%). All fractions, including lipid extracts, exhibited a balanced essential amino acid profile that exceeded the WHO/FAO/UNU-recommended values. A preliminary economic analysis indicated that lipid production was more cost-effective when cells were permeabilized by enzymatic hydrolysis than by high-pressure homogenization.
- The author’s journey—understanding and Improving the authoring process of theory-driven socially intelligent agentsPublication . Guimarães, Manuel; Campos, Joana; Santos, Pedro A.; Dias, João; Prada, RuiState-of-the-art agent-modelling tools support the creation of powerful Socially Intelligent Agents (SIAs) capable of engaging in social interactions with participants in various roles and environments. However, their deployment demands a labourious authoring task as it is necessary to manually define behaviour rules and create content for different interaction scenarios. While Socially Intelligent Agents (SIAs) research has centred on the user experience, we shift focus to the authors. To understand the challenges faced by authors who create these agents, we performed an innovative analysis of the authoring experience in modern agent modelling tools. One key finding is that, while SIA concepts are generally understandable, emotional-based concepts are not as easily comprehended or used by authors. We propose a hybrid solution approach that culminated in the development of Authoring-Assisted FAtiMA-Toolkit. The augmented agent modelling tool incorporates a data-driven Authoring Assistant to boost author productivity while promoting transparency and authorial control. To evaluate the impact of this framework on the authoring experience, we conducted a user study. Results showed that authors using the Authoring-Assisted FAtiMA-Toolkit were on average able to create more SIA-related content in less time. Our findings suggest that data-augmented, theory-grounded agent modelling tools can support the development of affective social agents by reducing the authoring burden without sacrificing the framework’s clarity or the authors’ control over the content.
- Bacterial lipopeptides from bacillus: natural biostructuring agents for improving texture and stability in tomato-based functional foodsPublication . Gharsallah, Houda; Ngameni Tchonkouang, Rose Daphnee; Mabrouk, Aymen Ben; Jaoued, Najeh; Tas, Ozan; Boufi, Sami; Vieira, Margarida; Oztop, Mecit Halil; Zarai, ZiedIntroduction: Recent advances in functional food formulation have highlighted bacterial lipopeptides as natural biomolecules capable of replacing synthetic additives while enhancing the physicochemical properties of food systems. Their amphiphilic structure makes them promising candidates for improving texture, stability, and emulsification in complex matrices such as tomato-based products. Methods: In this study, lipopeptides produced by Bacillus strains were structurally characterized using 1 H-NMR and two-dimensional 1 H–1 H COSY spectroscopy to confirm their amphiphilic nature. Tomato-based formulations (juice and sauce) were enriched with lipopeptides at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/L. Rheological behavior was evaluated under steady-shear conditions to assess flow properties and time-dependent structural changes. Results: Spectroscopic analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic aliphatic fatty acid chains and peptide residues, validating the lipopeptidic structure. All formulations exhibited shear-thinning behavior; however, the addition of lipopeptides significantly influenced time-dependent rheological properties. Improved texture, viscoelasticity, and stability were observed, with optimal performance achieved at low-to-moderate concentrations (H6: 0.5–1 g/kg; S15: up to 2 g/kg). Higher concentrations led to partial network disruption and reduced system stability. Discussion: These findings demonstrate that bacterial lipopeptides act as effective natural bio-structuring agents in tomato-based products. Their ability to enhance microstructural integrity and emulsification without compromising stability at optimal concentrations highlights their potential as sustainable alternatives to synthetic additives in functional food development.
- Bioprospecting fungi in mediterranean fermentations: functional insights and antibacterial potentialPublication . Bertan, David Willian; Kamimura, Eliana Setsuko; Quintas, CéliaTable olives, particularly traditionally fermented cracked-style green olives, rely on natural microbial activity without chemical debittering, with fungi playing key roles; in contrast, arbutus berry fermentation remains less characterized in terms of microbial functionality. This study investigated the enzymatic and antibacterial potential of fungal isolates from both systems. A total of 84 isolates belonging to Aureobasidium, Candida, Cryptococcus, Saccharomyces, Pichia, Issatchenkia, Torulaspora, and Sporobolomyces were screened for hydrolytic enzymes (pectinases, amylases, cellulases, xylanases, lipases, proteases, tannases, and β-glucosidases) using selective media, and for antibacterial activity against major foodborne pathogens. Isolates from arbutus fermentation showed no relevant enzymatic or antibacterial ability. In contrast, several isolates from olive fermentation exhibited significant functional traits. Aureobasidium pullulans demonstrated broad enzymatic capacity, producing amylases, esterases, and tannases, along with lipid hydrolysis, but also expressed cellulase, pectinase, and protease abilities. Cryptococcus spp. displayed interesting profiles, with low cellulolytic and pectinolytic capacity and higher phenolase, esterase, and lipase capacities. Antibacterial activity was observed exclusively against Gram-positive bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes, mainly among Candida membranifaciens, Cryptococcus spp., and A. pullulans. Overall, table olive fermentation isolates showed promising biotechnological potential for food preservation and quality enhancement, whereas arbutus isolates appeared to have limited functional relevance.