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- O perfil do designer e o papel do design nas empresas em PortugalPublication . Agapito, Dora; Almeida, H.; Almeida, Marisa; Fernandes, Sílvia; Lacerda, António
- Designing tourist experiences in the countrysidePublication . Agapito, Dora; Pinto, Patrícia; Mendes, JúlioThe rise of the experiential paradigm in conceptualizing tourism has directed special attention to the five senses - sight, smell, taste, hearing and touch - in designing tourist experiences. Additionally, a multidisciplinary literature approach shows the importance of all the senses in human perception, suggesting multiple sensory experiences in geographical encounters, such as in tourism destinations. In the countryside, tourist experiences are highly based on a diversified collection of undeveloped resources, offering multiple sensory stimuli that can be managed in order to design and enhance tourist experiences and bolster natural resources, in a view to a sustainable local development. This study aims to understand the role of human senses in designing tourist experiences in the countryside. A survey was presented to tourists in rural lodgings. Sensory experiences emerged from a content analysis followed by a multiple correspondence analysis, suggesting that sensory information is suitable for theming tourist experiences in rural areas. Practical implications are discussed.
- The use of design as a strategic tool for innovation: an analysis for different firms' networking behavioursPublication . Cesário, Marisa; Agapito, Dora; Almeida, H.; Fernandes, SilviaCurrent research indicates that the use of design strategy in companies is related to innovation and leads to competitiveness. This research aims empirically to analyse the relationship between firms' networking behaviours and their propensity to engage in design activities. Although much of the literature on networks focuses on the relationship between the development of external linkages and innovation, we argue that small and medium-sized enterprises' (SMEs)' relationships with different agents and intermediaries, on diverse geographic scales, play an important role for how companies use design as an element of innovation. Using the Community Innovation Survey (CIS 2012) database for Portugal, a logistic regression was performed using the strategic use of design' as a binary dependent variable. We found that firms' engagement in informal relationships with heterogeneous agents, such as public customers, consultants or conference partners, is positively associated with the strategic use of design. The use of firms' internal assets as information sources also proved to be significant. Regarding market relations, the results indicate that a geographic scaling-up contributes to increasing the odds of a firm recognizing the strategic role of design for competitiveness.
- Destination image: perspectives of tourists vs. residentsPublication . Agapito, Dora; Mendes, Júlio; Pinto, PatríciaThis study aims to measure the image of Lagos in the Algarve region, the most important Portuguese destination, using a cognitive, affective and behavioral approach. Given the lack of studies which compare the perspectives of tourists and residents, the empirical investigation includes a mixed methodology enabling a holistic approach followed by a quantitative methodology with the use of questionnaires for both tourists and residents. The attributes that are more consensually associated with Lagos are the good weather and good beaches, although these variables do not have significant discriminatory power for "recommendation of the destination to friends and family" as the dependent variable.
- Exploring residential satisfaction in shrinking cities: a decision-tree approachPublication . Barreira, Ana Paula; Agapito, Dora; Panagopoulos, Thomas; Guimarães, Maria HelenaThe number of cities experiencing population decline has been increasing worldwide. Despite the existence of theoretical propositions of shrinkage as an opportunity to increase levels of residential satisfaction, the issue has not been addressed empirically. This article contributes to fill this gap by assessing, through survey, the residential satisfaction of inhabitants of four shrinking Portuguese cities. Data were analysed by means of a tree-decision approach: the Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detection analysis. A sense of safety is the feature that best discriminates inhabitants' level of residential satisfaction. The results show that shrinkage due to deindustrialisation processes is detrimental to residential satisfaction.
- Tourist experience: Contemporary perspectives. Sharpley, R. & Stone, P. (Eds.). Oxon, UK: Routledge (2011)Publication . Agapito, DoraThe consumption of experiences has been acknowledged as a key research topic in tourism studies, since everything in a destination can be experienced by tourists, whether it be places, people, or activities.
- Destination Image: Tourists' perspective versus residents' perspectivePublication . Agapito, Dora; Mendes, Júlio; Patrícia, Patrícia Oom doThe study of destination image has been asserting itself as an instrument of differentiation, helping to increase the destinations competitiveness. Despite being a well-documented topic in the literature, there had been a lack of studies to compare the perspectives of tourists with the residents. The main objective of this study is to measure the image of Lagos in the Algarve region, the most important Portuguese destination, comparing the perspectives of tourists and residents in a cognitive, affective and behavioral approach. The empirical investigation included a mixed methodology. First, in an exploratory phase, the analysis of open-ended questions allowed to detect the attributes for the analysis of the cognitive component, enabling a holistic approach. Then, the use of questionnaires to a sample of 379 tourists and 378 residents provided a quantitative methodology, using descriptive indicators, hypotheses tests and the multivariate CHAID technique. Results indicate a positive global destination image in the perspective of both stakeholders. The attributes more consensually associated with Lagos are the „good weather‟ and „good beaches‟, although these variables have not significant discriminatory power for the dependent variable „recommendation of the destination to friends and family‟, in the CHAID analysis. Thus, in the tourists‟ perspective, the „interesting cultural heritage‟ is the most significant explanatory variable, while for the residents this is translated into „good value for money‟. In the emotional approach, both stakeholders associate the destination to the adjectives “arousing/exciting/pleasant”.
- Sensory marketing and tourist experiencesPublication . Agapito, Dora; Pinto, Patrícia; Mendes, JúlioMarketing has been increasing its focus on the role of the five human senses in consumer behaviour, since research under the experiential paradigm has pointed to multisensory stimuli as intensifiers of consumers’ experiences, such as tourist experiences. Whereas previous studies in tourism touted vision, current research claims a holistic approach to sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch in order to develop effective communication and branding strategies, as well to boost the performance of destinations and tourist organizations by designing and creating conditions to enhance tourist experiences. This study aims to present the main contributions of the literature on a sensory marketing approach to the tourist experience, and to discuss some preliminary results of an empirical study on the role of human senses in tourist experiences in rural areas. Data analysis from a questionnaire presented to tourists supports the multisensory nature of tourist experiences and the importance of the five senses to the intensity of the experience.
- Understanding tourist recommendation through destination image: A CHAID analysisPublication . Agapito, Dora; Pinto, Patrícia; Mendes, JúlioIn spite of the efforts of marketers and managers to boost a favourable destination image, with a focus on encouraging tourists‟ revisit, other factors contribute to tourists‟ decision-making processes with regard to revisiting destinations. Moreover, recommendation from family and friends are considered to be the most credible source of information in the process of choosing a holiday destination, becoming relevant that studies on destination loyalty focus on this variable. Therefore, this research aims to identify the attributes which contribute to tourists‟ willingness to recommend a destination. The first stage of this study involved identifying the attributes to measure the image of Lagos in the Algarve region, an important Portuguese destination, through open-ended questions. In the second phase, the application of the Chi-Square Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) to survey responses from a sample of 379 tourists allowed to identify the features that explain the intention to recommend the destination. The results show that culture is the attribute with the strongest power to explain recommendation, highlighting the need for sun and sand tourism destinations to diversify their offer. Of the seven terminal nodes produced by CHAID, two segments with opposite trends were found, for which profiles were drawn.
- The cognitive-affective-conative model of destination image: A confirmatory analysisPublication . Agapito, Dora; Pinto, Patrícia; Mendes, JúlioDestination image influences tourist behaviour before, during and after travel, as it is an important instrument which contributes to tourists’ loyalty. Although Gartner (1993) advocates that the cognitive, affective and conative dimensions of destination image are hierarchically interrelated, there is no empirical evidence to support the complete model. This study aims to test the hierarchical nature of the relationship between the dimensions of destination image. The results of structural equation modelling confirm Gartner’s theoretical model, validating the theory that the influence of the cognitive component on the conative dimension is higher when mediated by the affective component, raising managerial implications.
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