ESS2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas)
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Percorrer ESS2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas) por Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) "04:Educação de Qualidade"
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- Abdominal Ultrasound Phantom – A potential training toolPublication . Pinheiro, João; Magalhães Ribeiro, Anabela de; Ribeiro, Luís PedroThe purpose of this educational intervention was to evaluate the effectiveness of abdominal ultrasound phantoms as a simulation-based learning tool in the training of Medical Imaging and Radiology students. Abdominal ultrasonography is a highly operator-dependent modality, yet undergraduate training is often limited by restricted patient access, ethical considerations, and reduced opportunities for supervised practice [3,6]. Simulation-based learning offers a safe and reproducible environment for hands-on training, supporting experiential learning and skill acquisition [3,4].
- A autoetnografia como opção metodológica no estudo antropológico das situações de vulnerabilidade: exemplo de um caso de hipotiroidismoPublication . Pinto da Costa, José CarlosO antropólogo confronta-se, desde sempre, com a incapacidade de participar da condição das pessoas que vivem situações de vulnerabilidade, concretamente, devidas a problemas de saúde, ao sofrimento de situações de violência ou mesmo à experiência da clausura. Neste artigo argumenta-se que este ângulo morto da análise antropológica pode ser relativamente superado através de uma abordagem autoetnográfica. Descrevendo a sua experiência pessoal num caso de falência da função tiroideia, o autor fornece indicadores que poderão ajudar a analisar em profundidade as experiências das pessoas que vivem situações de vulnerabilidade.
- Bone mineral density and body composition among individuals who practice sports with mechanical impact and sedentary activitiesPublication . Pinheiro, João; Ribeiro, Luís Pedro; Coelho-e-Silva, ManuelThe purpose of this study was to evaluate indicators of bone health associated with sports practice in male adolescents using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to measure bone mineral content (BMC), density (BMD), and body composition (BC) for the whole body (WB) and specific regions. This cross-sectional study involved 65 individuals (18–35 years). Athletes had higher BMD for WB (1.064 ± 0.121 g/m−2) than sedentary individuals (0.753 ± 0.129 g/cm−2). Differences were also observed within specific regions such as the trunk, upper and lower limbs. Individuals who practice regular sports present improved bone health indicators compared to their sedentary peers.
- Changes in bone mineral density in individuals with cerebral palsyPublication . Viegas, M.; Ribeiro, Luís Pedro; Pinheiro, João; Vicente, B.; do Espírito Santo Rodrigues, Sónia Isabel; Caldeira Lagem Abrantes, António FernandoAccording to Scheinberg, et al. (2015) citing Bianchi ML. (2013) Cerebral Palsy (CP) is one of the most prevalent diseases within those that affect bone mass, and is often related to other pathologies such as osteoporosis. According to António, D., H., et al, (2020) citing NIH, (2002); WHO, (2003) osteoporosis is a pathology that involves others and is defined by the deterioration of bone tissue. In this way, with the alterations caused in the bone tissue and with the reduced BMD values, the bones lose resistance to traumas, causing their fragility and, consequently, a greater probability of the occurrence of fractures. In this way, BMD measurement will help in the diagnosis of osteopenia/osteoporosis and in the prevention of future bone fractures. In addition to bone densitometry, there are other methods, less invasive and less expensive, that effectively analyze BMD. CP is characterized as a permanent, though not invariable, disturbance of movement and posture due to a non-progressive defect or lesion of the brain early in life. (Rosa, A.C.A. & Matos, M.R. (2017)) Depending on the area of the nervous system affected, the patient with CP presents neuromuscular alterations. Each change will compromise differently and to different degrees, affecting the functional performance of these patients.
- Commentary on: nurses’ perceptions of artificial intelligence (AI) integration into practice: an integrative reviewPublication . Xavier, Tânia; Oliveira, ClaudiaWe are writing this letter to congratulate you on the paper ‘Nurses’ perceptions of artificial intelligence (AI) integration into practice: An integrative review’ by Lora and Foran, recently published in your journal. In this paper the authors synthesise remarkable, valuable and challenging aspects of the new era of artificial intelligence (AI) in the clinical practice of nursing. AI has been introduced into the most diverse areas of knowledge, opening a vast range of possibilities. This integrative review makes a timely and relevant contribution to the growing body of literature on the intersection between nursing and AI. The authors show that the practice of nursing, especially in the perioperative environment, is no exception.
- The cultural adaptation of value-based health care modelPublication . Pinto da Costa, José CarlosPrecision medicine is a set of practices that seek to adjust medical treatments according to the genetic variability of individuals and the socio-environmental contextin which they live. Due to this genetic-environmental interference, everyone has different organic characteristics that require different clinical and preventive approaches. The goal of precision medicine is therefore “to classify individuals into subpopulations that differ in their susceptibility to a particular disease or their response to a specific treatment.” (The National Research Council, 2011, cited by Ginsburg & Phillips, 2018: 2).
- Designing digital health futuresPublication . Pinto da Costa, José CarlosTraditionally, anthropological studies have primarily focused on cultural heritage, customs, and traditions, often neglecting the reciprocal influence between current actions and future aspirations. In scrutinizing the implementation of digital health initiatives in Portugal, I shift focus from unraveling healthcare practices to critiquing anthropology's methodologies. While healthcare agents must discard previous help-seeking notions, anthropologists, in contrast, substitute their conventional subject matter with a commitment to envisioning sustainable futures. This intricate process explores how the idealized "ought to be" molds the "being" within social practices, where anthropology holds significance and legitimacy. The analysis sheds light on speculative methods, facilitating hypothetical actions that challenge established norms in the present-making process. Both observed and observers undergo transformation through this journey. Drawing from my direct involvement in social innovation projects related to digital health, I scrutinize entrenched anthropological practices and challenge the prevailing notion that innovation alone guarantees comprehensive sustainability. Exploring themes such as evolving practices, envisioning futures, and examining the convergence of the present and future, I advocate for narratives that transcend mere technological solutions to address societal challenges. Ultimately, this presentation aims to fuel discussions on traditional paradigms in anthropology, encouraging a profound exploration of how anthropological analysis shapes the development of sustainable futures.
- Digital healthcare and the emergence of a more-than-now ethics of care: speculative practices in PortugalPublication . Pinto da Costa, José CarlosPortuguese healthcare is being transformed as digital technologies intersect with institutional infrastructures, professional practices, and patient experiences. These shifts are not simply imposed but unfold through everyday negotiations, improvisations, and collaborative work among healthcare professionals, system designers, policymakers, and patients. Drawing on ethnographic engagement and participatory, speculative methods, this presentation explores how actors experiment with care in ways that generate a new, emergent ethics. Unlike traditional ethical frameworks—principlism, virtue ethics, consequentialism, or classical ethics of care—this ethics arises through situated practice, mediated by digital infrastructures, data flows, and collaborative decision-making. It emphasizes responsiveness, relationality, and collective moral reasoning enacted in real time. From an STS perspective, these practices reveal how healthcare futures are actively co-produced in the present. Speculative interventions—such as design experiments—make visible the contingency of socio-technical arrangements and open alternative pathways for more just, equitable, and resilient care across various stakeholders’ standpoints. Aligned with the panel’s focus on speculative and design-based approaches to caring world-making, this contribution demonstrates how digital transformations do not just implement care but reshape what ethical responsibility looks like, creating new modes of reflection, collaboration, and experimentation in healthcare.
- Does a 12-week yoga program influence the decision-making capacity of military aviation pilots?Publication . Santos, Sara; Fernandes, Orlando; Cabo, Carolina A.; Parraca, José A.; Melo, FilipeDoes a 12-week yoga program influence the decision-making capacity of military aviation pilots? Rationale and aims: This study investigates whether the incorporation of yoga practice into the training regimen of Portuguese Airforce Aviation Pilots can enhance their decision-making capacity, in order to promote better occupational health safety. Methods: A randomized controlled trial with Portuguese Airforce pilots had the Control Group (n = 8), follow standard military aviation training, and the Intervention Group (n = 10), receive additional yoga training twice a week for 12 weeks. Cognitive/performance assessments included the Aviation Safety Attitude Scale (ASAS). The procedures were approved by the Évora University research ethics committee (approval number: 21050), and participants gave written informed consent per the Helsinki declaration. The study was registered on April 19, 2023, on ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier NCT05821270). Analysis: Data analysis used Jamovi (version 2.3.16). Normality was assessed with the Shapiro-Wilk test, non-parametric data analysis used Wilcoxon rank test and Rank Biserial Correlation for effect sizes. Statistical significance was generally determined with a threshold of 0.05. Findings: Results showed significant differences in ASAS: it indicated significant increases in Self-Confidence (p = 0.021), Risk Orientation (p = 0.024), and Safety Orientation (p = 0.021) within the yoga group. Conclusions: This research offers a unique contribution: studying the hard-to-access population of military aviation pilots, due to security and workload constraints. Portuguese Airforce pilots, facing high stress and lacking a structured training regimen, will benefit from the findings of this study. Results could influence policymakers to implement mandatory exercise programs, enhancing work safety. These insights are also applicable to Airforce teams in other nations, commercial and civil aviation sectors.
- Dotação eficaz de fisioterapeutas em internamento hospitalar: o método WISN como ferramenta de qualidade e gestãoPublication . Henriques, Vitor; de Almeida Fontes, Ana Paula; Fidalgo, PedroA dotação de Recursos Humanos (RH) é essencial para a qualidade dos cuidados de saúde e segurança dos doentes. A Fisioterapia enfrenta desafios quanto à alocação eficaz de profissionais, sobretudo em internamento hospitalar. A literatura não identificou ferramentas específicas de gestão de RH aplicáveis à Fisioterapia. Contudo, o Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) revelou-se uma metodologia promissora, transversal às profissões de saúde. Este estudo apresenta a metodologia WISN como ferramenta de apoio ao cálculo da dotação de Fisioterapeutas em ambiente hospitalar. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, analítico e transversal, baseado em inquéritos a fisioterapeutas, com análise estatística descritiva e inferencial com vistas ao conhecimento dos tempos médios de sessões nas principais áreas funcionais e atividades de apoio e adicionais, os quais no WISN correspondem aos padrões de atividade. Os resultados fornecem parâmetros para aplicação do WISN, como Padrões de Atividade para adultos, que foram de 30, 40 e 30 minutos, e para Pediatria foram 30, 45 e 30 minutos, nas áreas Cardiorrespiratória, Neurológica e Ortotraumatológica, respectivamente. Estes valores são adaptáveis a diferentes unidades de internamento. Conclui-se que o WISN é aplicável à Fisioterapia, contribuindo para uma gestão mais eficaz, cuidados de maior qualidade e segurança para os doentes.