ESS2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas)
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Percorrer ESS2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas) por Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) "04:Educação de Qualidade"
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- Bone mineral density and body composition among individuals who practice sports with mechanical impact and sedentary activitiesPublication . Pinheiro, João; Ribeiro, Luís Pedro; Coelho-e-Silva, ManuelThe purpose of this study was to evaluate indicators of bone health associated with sports practice in male adolescents using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to measure bone mineral content (BMC), density (BMD), and body composition (BC) for the whole body (WB) and specific regions. This cross-sectional study involved 65 individuals (18–35 years). Athletes had higher BMD for WB (1.064 ± 0.121 g/m−2) than sedentary individuals (0.753 ± 0.129 g/cm−2). Differences were also observed within specific regions such as the trunk, upper and lower limbs. Individuals who practice regular sports present improved bone health indicators compared to their sedentary peers.
- Editorial: Innovative teaching and learning in health education and promotionPublication . da Costa, Emilia; Ruiz Fernández, María Dolores; Fernández Medina, Isabel María; Jimenez Lasserrotte, Maria del Mar; Ventura-Miranda, Maria IsabelHealth education and health promotion are undergoing profound transformation. Demographic transitions, aging populations, increasing multimorbidity, persistent inequities, and rapid technological change are reshaping how learners understand and navigate health. In this evolving context, traditional knowledge-transmission models are no longer sufficient to prepare future professionals for complex, multicultural and digitally mediated environments. Innovation in teaching and learning has therefore become essential, not only to improve learning outcomes, but to strengthen ethical reasoning, equity, and learner autonomy. This global shift echoes recent OECD (1) analyses highlighting how digitalisation, demographic aging and widening social disparities are redefining the competencies required of tomorrow’s health workforce and calling for educational approaches attuned to complexity and uncertainty. It is also consistent with the World Health Organization’s call for transformative health workforce education, which stresses that conventional training models can no longer meet the demands posed by demographic change, chronic disease burdens, technological acceleration and growing inequities.
- Food insecurity in higher education studentsPublication . Paula, Aline de; Carneiro, Beatriz; Mendes, Inês; Pacheco, Mariana; Gonçalves, Marta; Pinto, Ezequiel; Palma Mateus, MariaFood insecurity (FI) indicates a situation in which there is no regular access to food in satisfactory quantity and quality. To characterize FI in students from Portuguese higher education institutions, a study was conducted in a non-random sample of students, with an online questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic questions and the Portuguese version of the IF scale. There were 200 valid questionnaires and 27.5% of the participants were classified as having some degree of FI. Participants with FI reported fewer visits to the family’s home (p = 0.024) and less financial resources (p < 0.001). The results indicate that interventions are needed in this area.
- Gamification on mathematics engagement and motivation in secondary school and higher education: a systematic review and meta-analysisPublication . Ratinho, Elias; Figueiredo, Mauro; Estêvão, Maria Dulce da Mota Antunes de Oliveira ; Faísca, Luís; Martins, CátiaThis systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of gamification on students’ motivation and engagement in mathematics at the secondary and higher education levels. A literature search (April 2025) followed by an updated search (November 2025) across ten databases identified 45 studies for qualitative synthesis and 11 for meta-analysis. The review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines with a pre-registered protocol, and study quality was appraised with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Meta-analytic results using a three-level Correlated and Hierarchical Effects model with robust variance estimation showed a significant small-to-moderate positive effect on motivation (g = .383, 95% CI [.11, .66], p = .0218). Motivation was assessed more consistently than engagement that could not be included in the meta-analysis due to the lack of validated measures. The systematic review indicates that gamification supports motivation and engagement, with only four studies reporting negative effects. Most interventions used digital platforms (e.g., Kahoot!; Classcraft) and common game elements such as points, leaderboards and instant feedback. Overall, gamification appears promising for enhancing motivation and engagement in mathematics when designs are aligned with students’ needs, balancing competition with mastery and cooperation. Therefore, educators should limit excessive competition and prioritize personal progress and cooperative tasks that foster social interaction. Future studies should employ validated measures, larger samples, and examine both motivation and engagement to strengthen the evidence base and guide effective implementation in education.
- The immune tumor microenvironment in gliomas: may CITED2 play a role?Publication . Teotónio Fernandes, Mónica AlexandraGliomas are the most common brain cancers, resulting from transformed glial cells. CITED2 is a co-transcriptional regulator previously implicated in several types of cancer, affecting both cellintrinsic processes and the microenvironment. Because in breast cancer it was shown to contribute to the recruitment of macrophages and their polarization to an immunosuppressive phenotype, a potential similar role was explored in gliomas. By analyzing publicly available databases using a set of bioinformatics tools, it was found that CITED2 is overexpressed in higher-grade gliomas and contributes to an adverse prognosis. In addition, CITED2 expression correlates with macrophage infiltration and a M2 phenotype.
- The influence of a 12-week yoga program on military aviation pilots' decision-making capacity for operational effectivenessPublication . Santos, Sara; Fernandes, Orlando; Cabo, Carolina A.; Parraca, José A.; Melo, FilipeMilitary aviation demands cognitive performance, emotional stability, and resilience under pressure. Portuguese Airforce pilots face additional challenges: maintaining fitness and readiness independently, without structured exercise regimens. Yoga’s capacity to enhance mindfulness makes it a promising intervention. Despite potential benefits, research on yoga’s impact in military aviation remains limited. This study investigates incorporation of yoga into the training regimen of Portuguese Airforce to verify decision-making effectiveness and performance. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 18 Portuguese Air Force pilots: Control Group (n = 8) followed standard military training, and Intervention Group (n = 10) received aditional yoga training twice a week, for 12 weeks. Assessments included Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA), Aviation Safety Attitude Scale (ASAS), Risk Perception To Self (RPTS), Trail Making Test (TMT) and aviation simulator performance. Data analysis used Jamovi v2.6.13. The yoga group showed significant improvements in mindfulness (FFMQ), interoceptive awareness (MAIA), self-confidence and safety attitudes (ASAS), cognitive flexibility (TMT-B), and simulator performance (fewer flight errors). Enhancements in attention regulation, body awareness, and emotional self-regulation reflect greater readiness for stress management. Improvements in decision-making, calculated risk-taking, and operational safety suggest yoga’s potential to reinforce psychophysiological resilience in high-demand environments. Yoga contributes meaningfully to enhanced performance and safety in high-pressure aviation environments. These findings may inform policy-level decisions toward integrating mandatory mind-body training programs that are cost-effective and time-efficient. The benefits observed may be applicable to Air Force teams globally, as well as commercial aviation, civil aviation, and other high-stress, high-performance domains, including elite sports. Clinical Trial Registry number and website where it was obtained: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT05821270.
- On the run—comparing bioimpedance analysis (BIA) using portable devicesPublication . Dias, Carina Vieira; Dias, Joana C.; Laranjo, Céu; Cardoso, Paulo; De Sousa-Coelho, Ana LuísaBioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a non-invasive indirect method that allows for measurement of lean and fat body mass. The main goal of this exploratory study was to compare the results from two different portable BIA devices. We found that only fat-free mass and body fat mass were directly comparable between InBodyS10 (Teprel, Porto, Portugal) and seca mBCA 525 (Bacelar, Porto, Portugal) medical portable BIA devices.
- Patterns, advances, and gaps in using ChatGPT and similar technologies in nursing education: a PAGER scoping reviewPublication . Amankwaa, Isaac; Ekpor, Emmanuel; Cudjoe, Daniel; Kobiah, Emmanuel; Diebieri, Maximous; Fuseini, Abdul-Karim Jebuni; Gyamfi, Sebastian; Brownie, SharonBackground and aim: Generative AI (GenAI) can transform nursing education and modernise content delivery. However, the rapid integration of these tools has raised concerns about academic integrity and teaching quality. Previous reviews have either looked broadly at artificial intelligence or focused narrowly on single tools like ChatGPT. This scoping review uses a structured framework to identify patterns, advances, gaps, evidence, and recommendations for implementing GenAI in nursing education. Methods: This scoping review followed the JBI methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. We searched PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, ERIC, and grey literature (October to November 2024). Data synthesis utilised the PAGER framework as a mapping tool to organise and describe patterns, advances, gaps, evidence for practice, and recommendations. Results: Analysis of 107 studies revealed GenAI implementation across four key domains: assessment and evaluation, clinical simulation, educational content development, and faculty/student support. Three distinct implementation patterns emerged: restrictive, integrative, and hybrid approaches, with hybrid models demonstrating superior adoption outcomes. Technical advances showed significant improvement from GPT-3.5 (75.3 % accuracy) to GPT-4 (88.67 % accuracy) in NCLEX-style assessments, with enhanced capabilities in multilingual assessment, clinical scenario generation, and adaptive content creation. Major gaps included limited methodological rigour (29.0 % of empirical studies), inconsistent quality control, verification challenges, equity concerns, and inadequate faculty training. Geographic distribution showed North American (42.1 %) and Asian (29.9 %) dominance, with ChatGPT representing 83.2 % of tool implementations. Key recommendations include developing institutional policies, establishing quality verification protocols, enhancing faculty training programs, and addressing digital equity concerns to optimise GenAI integration in nursing education. Conclusions: GenAI has transformative potential in nursing education. To realise its full potential and ensure responsible use, research should focus on developing standardised governance frameworks, empirically validating outcomes, developing faculty in AI literacy, and improving technical infrastructure for low-income contexts. Such efforts should involve international collaboration, highlighting the importance of the audience's role in the global healthcare community.
- Prevalence of potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults with chronic diseasesPublication . Nascimento, Tânia; Andrade, Amanda de Oliveira; Cabrita, Catarina; Pais, Sandra; De la Puerta, RocioOlder adults often consume high amounts of medicines, some of which may not be suitable for their age. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on elderly people (>60 years) diagnosed with chronic diseases and taking at least one medication. The consumption of potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) was analyzed using the EU(7)-PIM List. Of the 65 elderly included, the majority were women (83.1%), diagnosed with hypertension (60.0%), and took 4.09 ± 2.104 medicines. More than 58% consumed at least one PIM. Nervous system PIMs were the most prevalent (29.2%, n = 19). There is a high prevalence of PIM use among the elderly, necessitating regular evaluation for safer medication use.