ESS2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas)
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Percorrer ESS2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas) por Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) "04:Educação de Qualidade"
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- Bone mineral density and body composition among individuals who practice sports with mechanical impact and sedentary activitiesPublication . Pinheiro, João; Ribeiro, Luís Pedro; Coelho-e-Silva, ManuelThe purpose of this study was to evaluate indicators of bone health associated with sports practice in male adolescents using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to measure bone mineral content (BMC), density (BMD), and body composition (BC) for the whole body (WB) and specific regions. This cross-sectional study involved 65 individuals (18–35 years). Athletes had higher BMD for WB (1.064 ± 0.121 g/m−2) than sedentary individuals (0.753 ± 0.129 g/cm−2). Differences were also observed within specific regions such as the trunk, upper and lower limbs. Individuals who practice regular sports present improved bone health indicators compared to their sedentary peers.
- Commentary on: nurses’ perceptions of artificial intelligence (AI) integration into practice: an integrative reviewPublication . Xavier, Tânia; Oliveira, ClaudiaWe are writing this letter to congratulate you on the paper ‘Nurses’ perceptions of artificial intelligence (AI) integration into practice: An integrative review’ by Lora and Foran, recently published in your journal. In this paper the authors synthesise remarkable, valuable and challenging aspects of the new era of artificial intelligence (AI) in the clinical practice of nursing. AI has been introduced into the most diverse areas of knowledge, opening a vast range of possibilities. This integrative review makes a timely and relevant contribution to the growing body of literature on the intersection between nursing and AI. The authors show that the practice of nursing, especially in the perioperative environment, is no exception.
- Editorial: Innovative teaching and learning in health education and promotionPublication . da Costa, Emilia; Ruiz Fernández, María Dolores; Fernández Medina, Isabel María; Jimenez Lasserrotte, Maria del Mar; Ventura-Miranda, Maria IsabelHealth education and health promotion are undergoing profound transformation. Demographic transitions, aging populations, increasing multimorbidity, persistent inequities, and rapid technological change are reshaping how learners understand and navigate health. In this evolving context, traditional knowledge-transmission models are no longer sufficient to prepare future professionals for complex, multicultural and digitally mediated environments. Innovation in teaching and learning has therefore become essential, not only to improve learning outcomes, but to strengthen ethical reasoning, equity, and learner autonomy. This global shift echoes recent OECD (1) analyses highlighting how digitalisation, demographic aging and widening social disparities are redefining the competencies required of tomorrow’s health workforce and calling for educational approaches attuned to complexity and uncertainty. It is also consistent with the World Health Organization’s call for transformative health workforce education, which stresses that conventional training models can no longer meet the demands posed by demographic change, chronic disease burdens, technological acceleration and growing inequities.
- Food insecurity in higher education studentsPublication . Paula, Aline de; Carneiro, Beatriz; Mendes, Inês; Pacheco, Mariana; Gonçalves, Marta; Pinto, Ezequiel; Palma Mateus, MariaFood insecurity (FI) indicates a situation in which there is no regular access to food in satisfactory quantity and quality. To characterize FI in students from Portuguese higher education institutions, a study was conducted in a non-random sample of students, with an online questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic questions and the Portuguese version of the IF scale. There were 200 valid questionnaires and 27.5% of the participants were classified as having some degree of FI. Participants with FI reported fewer visits to the family’s home (p = 0.024) and less financial resources (p < 0.001). The results indicate that interventions are needed in this area.
- Gamification on mathematics engagement and motivation in secondary school and higher education: a systematic review and meta-analysisPublication . Ratinho, Elias; Figueiredo, Mauro; Estêvão, Maria Dulce da Mota Antunes de Oliveira ; Faísca, Luís; Martins, CátiaThis systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of gamification on students’ motivation and engagement in mathematics at the secondary and higher education levels. A literature search (April 2025) followed by an updated search (November 2025) across ten databases identified 45 studies for qualitative synthesis and 11 for meta-analysis. The review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines with a pre-registered protocol, and study quality was appraised with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Meta-analytic results using a three-level Correlated and Hierarchical Effects model with robust variance estimation showed a significant small-to-moderate positive effect on motivation (g = .383, 95% CI [.11, .66], p = .0218). Motivation was assessed more consistently than engagement that could not be included in the meta-analysis due to the lack of validated measures. The systematic review indicates that gamification supports motivation and engagement, with only four studies reporting negative effects. Most interventions used digital platforms (e.g., Kahoot!; Classcraft) and common game elements such as points, leaderboards and instant feedback. Overall, gamification appears promising for enhancing motivation and engagement in mathematics when designs are aligned with students’ needs, balancing competition with mastery and cooperation. Therefore, educators should limit excessive competition and prioritize personal progress and cooperative tasks that foster social interaction. Future studies should employ validated measures, larger samples, and examine both motivation and engagement to strengthen the evidence base and guide effective implementation in education.
- High vs low protein intake in chronic critical illness: a systematic review and meta-analysisPublication . Castro, Sílvia; Tome, Ana Maria; Granja, C.; Macedo, A.; Binnie, AlexandraBackground & aims: Patients with persistent organ dysfunction after the first week of intensive care unit (ICU) admission are considered to have chronic critical illness (CCI). Acquired muscle weakness is a common feature of CCI that is accompanied by loss of muscle mass and electromyographic features of myopathy. Optimizing protein intake may help prevent acquired muscle weakness and/or promote muscle recovery, however, the optimal level of protein intake in CCI is uncertain and there is a lack of consensus in published nutritional guidelines. This systematic review focuses on the impact of high versus low protein intake as part of a nutritional strategy for patients with CCI. Methods: The terms “protein intake” and “critically ill” were systematically searched in PUBMED, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), and WEB OF SCIENCE on 06/01/2023. We included studies that (1) enrolled critically ill adults (aged 18 years or over) who were in the ICU for more than 7 days and that compared (2) protein intake above and below 1.3 gr/kg administered by any route (enteral and/or parenteral), (3) had an intervention period that occurred primarily after the first 7 days of critical illness and (4) reported clinical outcomes including length of ICU and hospital stay, duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), mortality, ICU acquired infections, muscle mass and physical function. Studies pertaining to elective surgery, those with intervention periods shorter than 7 days or occurring primarily within the first 7 days of critical illness, those measuring only laboratory parameters as outcomes, and safety and feasibility studies were excluded. Results: Four studies were included (N ¼ 1730) in the meta-analysis and systematic review. Higher (>1.3 g/kg/d) versus lower protein intake was associated with a decrease in early mortality (defined as ICU or 28-day mortality) hazard ratio (HR) 0.42 (95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.26e0.70, P < 0.001), but had no impact on late mortality (defined as the latest mortality timepoint in each study): HR 0.93 (95 % CI 0.76e1.15, P ¼ 0.51). There was no significant difference between intervention and control groups with respect to duration of IMV, duration of ICU or hospital stay, muscle mass, or the incidence of ICUacquired infections. One study reported improvements in physical function at 3 and 6 months in the intervention group. Conclusion: After the first week of critical illness, increasing protein intake to >1.3 g/kg/d may improve early mortality but not late mortality or other clinical outcomes. The small number of relevant studies and the heterogeneity of outcomes assessed, weaken these conclusions. Further studies are warranted to discern whether higher protein intake is beneficial in chronic critical illness. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023403554; PROSPERO registration name: “The effect of higher than 1,3 g/kg of protein versus lower intake in chronic critically ill patients”
- The immune tumor microenvironment in gliomas: may CITED2 play a role?Publication . Teotónio Fernandes, Mónica AlexandraGliomas are the most common brain cancers, resulting from transformed glial cells. CITED2 is a co-transcriptional regulator previously implicated in several types of cancer, affecting both cellintrinsic processes and the microenvironment. Because in breast cancer it was shown to contribute to the recruitment of macrophages and their polarization to an immunosuppressive phenotype, a potential similar role was explored in gliomas. By analyzing publicly available databases using a set of bioinformatics tools, it was found that CITED2 is overexpressed in higher-grade gliomas and contributes to an adverse prognosis. In addition, CITED2 expression correlates with macrophage infiltration and a M2 phenotype.
- Impact of bariatric and metabolic surgery on sarcopenia-related parameters according to the EWGSOP2 consensus criteria in persons living with obesityPublication . Cardoso, Paulo Alexandre e Castro; Santos, Tânia V.; Ramon-Krauel, Marta; Pais, Sandra; De Sousa-Coelho, Ana LuísaAlthough bariatric and metabolic surgery (BS) has proved effective in the treatment of obesity based on the reduction in fat mass and the remission of comorbidities, there is also loss of lean mass after BS which could compromise muscle functionality. According to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP), sarcopenia is a disease associated with loss of muscle mass, strength, and function. Through a comprehensive review of the literature, we identified a range of studies focusing on evaluating sarcopenia-related parameters according to the EWGSOP2 consensus criteria, before and after BS. Although most studies reported reductions in skeletal muscle mass and absolute muscle strength after surgery, improvements in muscle functionality were generally achieved, independent of the type of BS.
- The influence of a 12-week yoga program on military aviation pilots' decision-making capacity for operational effectivenessPublication . Santos, Sara; Fernandes, Orlando; Cabo, Carolina A.; Parraca, José A.; Melo, FilipeMilitary aviation demands cognitive performance, emotional stability, and resilience under pressure. Portuguese Airforce pilots face additional challenges: maintaining fitness and readiness independently, without structured exercise regimens. Yoga’s capacity to enhance mindfulness makes it a promising intervention. Despite potential benefits, research on yoga’s impact in military aviation remains limited. This study investigates incorporation of yoga into the training regimen of Portuguese Airforce to verify decision-making effectiveness and performance. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 18 Portuguese Air Force pilots: Control Group (n = 8) followed standard military training, and Intervention Group (n = 10) received aditional yoga training twice a week, for 12 weeks. Assessments included Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA), Aviation Safety Attitude Scale (ASAS), Risk Perception To Self (RPTS), Trail Making Test (TMT) and aviation simulator performance. Data analysis used Jamovi v2.6.13. The yoga group showed significant improvements in mindfulness (FFMQ), interoceptive awareness (MAIA), self-confidence and safety attitudes (ASAS), cognitive flexibility (TMT-B), and simulator performance (fewer flight errors). Enhancements in attention regulation, body awareness, and emotional self-regulation reflect greater readiness for stress management. Improvements in decision-making, calculated risk-taking, and operational safety suggest yoga’s potential to reinforce psychophysiological resilience in high-demand environments. Yoga contributes meaningfully to enhanced performance and safety in high-pressure aviation environments. These findings may inform policy-level decisions toward integrating mandatory mind-body training programs that are cost-effective and time-efficient. The benefits observed may be applicable to Air Force teams globally, as well as commercial aviation, civil aviation, and other high-stress, high-performance domains, including elite sports. Clinical Trial Registry number and website where it was obtained: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT05821270.
- On the run—comparing bioimpedance analysis (BIA) using portable devicesPublication . Dias, Carina Vieira; Dias, Joana C.; Laranjo, Céu; Cardoso, Paulo; De Sousa-Coelho, Ana LuísaBioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a non-invasive indirect method that allows for measurement of lean and fat body mass. The main goal of this exploratory study was to compare the results from two different portable BIA devices. We found that only fat-free mass and body fat mass were directly comparable between InBodyS10 (Teprel, Porto, Portugal) and seca mBCA 525 (Bacelar, Porto, Portugal) medical portable BIA devices.