FCH2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas)
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Percorrer FCH2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas) por Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) "03:Saúde de Qualidade"
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- Adaptation and validation of the perceived restorativeness scale (PRS) for the portuguese population: a study on the assessment of the restorative effect of environmentsPublication . Sousa, Cátia; Silva Fernandes, Maria Jacinta; Encarnação, Tiago; Gonçalves, GabrielaThe relationship between natural environments and psychological well-being has gained increasing attention in environmental and health sciences. However, there is still a lack of robust quantitative instruments to assess the restorative potential of different environments. This study aimed to adapt and validate the Portuguese version of the Perceived Restorativeness Scale (PRS), an instrument based on Attention Restoration Theory that evaluates the perceived restorative qualities of environments. In Study 1, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on data from 410 participants. The results supported a refined 20-item version of the scale, comprising four factors—being away, fascination, compatibility, and legibility—with good internal consistency and acceptable model fit. Measurement invariance analysis confirmed configural, metric, and scalar invariance across gender. In Study 2, a separate sample of 212 participants completed the PRS along with additional validated measures: the Sublime Emotion toward Nature Scale (SEN), an aesthetic evaluation of landscapes, and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). The PRS showed strong convergent and discriminant validity and significantly predicted restorative outcomes. These findings support the psychometric adequacy of the Portuguese PRS and its relevance as a valid tool for assessing perceived restorativeness in both natural and built environments. The scale may inform future research and public policies aimed at designing spaces that promote psychological restoration and mental well-being.
- Ageism in the labor market: validation of the portuguese version of the workplace age discrimination scale (WADS)Publication . Valadas, Sandra; Paulos, Liliana; Surducan, Emanuel; Zacarias, RuiContemporary workplaces are characterized by diverse age groups that work collaboratively. Research has indicated an increase in workplace age discrimination, being crucial to understand the perceptions of employees regarding its impact at work contexts. The present study explores the potential for objective measurement of age discrimination in European employment rates among older workers. It addresses the lack of a validated instrument to measure age-related discriminatory experiences in the Portuguese context, demanding the adaptation and validation of a reliable and valid tool. The study focuses on adapting and validating the Workplace Age Discrimination Scale (WADS) in a sample of 536 Portuguese employees from public, private, and third-sector organizations in the southern region of Portugal, assesses the perceived age-related discrimination in the workplace, and determines to which personal variables workers’ age is related. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) supported the unidimensional structure of the WADS, with acceptable fit indices. The scale demonstrated high internal consistency. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that age and hours worked per day were significant predictors of perceived age discrimination. These findings validate the Portuguese version of the WADS as a reliable and robust tool to assess age discrimination in the workplace.
- Assessment and validation of the pet-owner relationship scale for BrazilPublication . Lopes, Luis Felipe Dias; Lopes, Eduarda Grando; Lima, Mauren Pimentel; Lopes, Fillipe Grando; Pegoraro, Daniela; Saragozo, Rosangela de Arruda; Lauz, Thais Ribeiro; Vieira dos Santos, JoanaThis study aimed to perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the cat-owner/dog-owner relationship scales. The method involved several stages: conceptual, item, semantic, operational, measurement, and functional equivalence. Procedures included translation, synthesis of translations, backtranslation, consensus on the English versions, external evaluation by the original authors, expert committee evaluation, and pre-tests. Methods: The study surveyed 234 pet owners across Brazil using a 20-item questionnaire. Data analysis utilized confirmatory factor analysis, covariancebased modeling, and multigroup analysis. Results: The study confirmed the content and construct validity of the model, demonstrating good convergent validity. Hypotheses testing revealed significant inverse relationships between Perceived Cost and Perceived Emotional Closeness, and between Perceived Cost and Pet-Owner Interactions. A positive correlation was found between Perceived Emotional Closeness and Pet-Owner Interactions, with Perceived Emotional Closeness also mediating the relationship between Perceived Cost and Pet-Owner Interactions. No significant differences were found across different pet owner groups, indicating the scale’s invariance and reliability across various demographics. Discussion: The study significantly expands understanding of the complex dynamics in pet-owner relationships and emphasizes the interplay between emotional and practical factors. It offers valuable insights for future research and practices in animal and human welfare.
- Catalyzing success: how enthusiastic leaders drive performance through group satisfaction and positive emotionsPublication . Gonçalves, Gabriela; Sousa, Cátia; Veras, Catarina; Vieira dos Santos, JoanaEffective leaders employ a blend of transformational and transactional leadership styles to collaborate with their employees, working towards achieving organizational objectives. While the significance of enthusiasm in leadership is acknowledged, its specific role remains largely unexplored within the realm of leadership studies. We contend that enthusiasm assumes a pivotal and influential role in successful leadership, ultimately enhancing overall productivity. This study is dedicated to investigating how leader enthusiasm impacts perceived performance among team members and examine the mediation of group satisfaction and positive emotions in the relationship between leader enthusiasm and perceived performance. By analyzing data collected from a participant pool of 311 individuals, our research yields compelling evidence that leader enthusiasm exerts a positive influence on perceived performance. A noteworthy revelation emerging from our research is found in the mediation analysis. This analysis sheds light on the pivotal roles of group satisfaction and positive emotions as key mediators in the link between leader enthusiasm and perceived performance. This underscores the concept that leader enthusiasm indirectly shapes how employees perceive their own performance, primarily through its profound impact on group satisfaction and the positive emotions experienced by individual team members. In summary, our study underscores the vital and transformative role of leader enthusiasm in cultivating a rewarding and fulfilling work environment. This, in turn, exerts a positive influence on follower emotions and their perceptions of performance. Our findings shed light on the intricate mechanisms through which leader enthusiasm contributes to shaping employees’ perceptions of their performance.
- The challenges of ageism and learning researchPublication . Fragoso, AntónioIn 1969, Robert N. Butler first used the term ‘age-ism’ to draw attention to the fact that we hadoverlooked ‘age discrimination or ageism, prejudice by one age group towards other age groups’(Butler, 1969, p. 243). In the 1980’s, he defined ageism as the stereotyping and discrimination of peoplesimply because of their age (Butler, 1980), thereby adding two other important dimensions toprejudice. This tripartite definition of ageism (encompassing prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimina-tion) is the most frequently encountered in the literature (Palmore, 1999). Nevertheless, an intenseconceptual debate has taken place over the last few decades (see, for example, Iversen et al., 2009),providing researchers with the conceptual tools to analyze ageism-related phenomena. Although therelationships between these three dimensions cannot be automatically assumed to be simple (Vosset al., 2018), the time for substantive conceptual debate has apparently passed and new challenges lieahead. The aim of this text is therefore to reflect on the major challenges we face when researchingageism and learning.
- Correction: Child-mother relationships and childhood dietary patterns in the Iberian Peninsula uncovered by Bayesian isotopic approachesPublication . Toso, Alice; Casimiro, Silvia; Oxborough, Charlotte; Schifano, Simona; García-Collado, Maite I.; Cardoso, Francisca Alves; Soares, Joaquina; Valente, Maria João; Santos, Raquel; Filipe, Vanessa; Gonçalves, Maria José da Silva; Neto, Nuno; Rebelo, Paulo; Silva, Rodrigo Banha da; Filipe, Anabela Novais de Castro; Alexander, MichelleThis study examines trends in infant diet, breastfeeding and weaning in Portugal through time in Roman, Medieval Muslim and Christian skeletal assemblages (1st to the 15th century CE). New stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) measurements were collected from 143 non-adults and 46 adults that are analysed alongside comparative published datasets from contemporaneous Iberian populations. A statistical package was used to model bone collagen nitrogen isotope data of individuals, quantitatively estimating weaning onset and completion across diverse historical sites. Nutritional intake from infancy to adolescence was reconstructed via Bayesian modelling supported by the OsteoBioR platform using incremental dentine-collagen isotope ratio analysis in six adult individuals. Childhood diets in historical Portugal showed a prolonged weaning time while weaning food included varying degrees of high trophic level protein during both the Roman and Medieval periods. The Bayesian statistical approach offers a comprehensive perspective on child-rearing practices through the lens of diet, including breastfeeding, weaning and nutritional intake during childhood in historical Portugal. The results highlight the variability and complexity of childhood diets over time and between different locations. Overall, the study informs debates about child nutrition practices globally while also offering unique insights into infant nutrition in Iberia over nearly 1500 years.
- Determinants of consumers’ acceptance and adoption of novel food in view of more resilient and sustainable food systems in the EU: a systematic literature reviewPublication . Laureati, Monica; De Boni, Annalisa; Saba, Anna; Lamy, Elsa; Minervini, Fabio; Delgado, Amélia; Sinesio, FiorellaThis review article aims to provide an up-to-date overview of the main determinants of consumers’ acceptance of novel foods (new foods and ingredients) in the EU with emphasis on product’s intrinsic properties (sensory characteristics) and individual factors (socio-demographics, perceptive, psychological) by adopting a systematic approach following the PRISMA methodology. Case studies on terrestrial (i.e., insects, cultured meat and other animal origin products, plantbased food including mushrooms, plant-based analogues, pulses, and cereals) and aquatic systems (i.e., algae and jellyfish) are included focusing on age-related and cross-national differences in consumer acceptance of novel foods and ingredients. General trends have emerged that are common to all the novel foods analysed, regardless of their aquatic or terrestrial origin. Aspects such as food neophobia, unfamiliarity, and poor knowledge of the product are important barriers to the consumption of novel foods, while healthiness and environmental sustainability perception are drivers of acceptance. Sensory properties are challenging for more familiar ingredients such as plant-based food (e.g., novel food made by pulses, mushrooms, cereals and pseudocereals). Results are discussed in terms of feasibility of introducing these products in the EU food systems highlighting strategies that can encourage the use of new ingredients or novel foods.
- Development of the beliefs in human nature uniqueness scale and Its associations with perception of social robotsPublication . Giger, Jean-Christophe; Piçarra, Nuno; Pochwatko, Grzegorz; Almeida, Nuno; Almeida, Ana Susana Rocio Gonçalves de ; Costa, NeuzaThere is an actual trend for humanizing technological artifacts, especially social robots. However, human-like social robots trigger negative attitudes by threatening human uniqueness as well as humanness. The present paper presents the development of the Belief in Human Nature Uniqueness Scale (BHNUS) to assess the individual tendency to deny social robots the possibility to have human features considered to be the hallmarks of humanness. The validation of the BHNUS was completed along seven studies, with a total of 1044 Portuguese participants. Results showed that BHNUS had good structural qualities (Studies 1 and 2), as well as good convergent and discriminant validities. BHNUS was correlated with negative attitudes towards robots, religiosity, and interest for science fiction (Study 3), attribution of traits of warmth to robots (Study 4), positive and negative emotional appraisal (Study 5), perspective taking (Study 6), and attitudes towards the development of robots with human features (Study 7). The importance of the BHNUS regarding the development of social robots and human–robot interaction is discussed. If you were to insist I was a robot, you might not consider me capable of love in some mystic human sense, but you would not be able to distinguish my reactions from that which you would call love so what difference would it make? Isaac Asimov (1982) in Foundation’s Edge, p. 420
- Effects of a mindfulness-based intervention on male Portuguese prisonersPublication . Carmo, Cláudia; Iacob, Vivien; Brás, Marta; Silva Fernandes, Maria JacintaMindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in prison environments have revealed positive benefits for prisoners’ physical and psychological health. This study aimed to verify the efficacy of an MBI program in decreasing depressive symptoms, anxiety, stress, negative effects, and increasing positive affects, self-esteem, and mindfulness state and capacity in prisoners. The sample comprised 44 Portuguese male prisoners, who were divided into two groups: the mindfulness training group (n=22) and the control group (n=22). The mindfulness training group demonstrated increased self-esteem and mindfulness capacities. Qualitative analysis showed the usefulness of the training for inmates, not only in their daily prison life, but also post-release and the importance of breathing in coping with anxious and stressful situations. These findings suggest the benefits of MBI in prison settings and propose that these interventions may hold the potential to improve prisoners’ reintegration into society.
- Emotion regulation, resilience, and mental health: a mediation study with university students in the pandemic contextPublication . Brites, Rute; Brandão, Tânia; Hipólito, João; Jiménez-Ros, Antonia María; Nunes, OdeteThe COVID‐19 pandemic had a huge impact on people's lives due to the fear of getting infected and having the disease, as well as the necessary prevention and containment measures. University students were one of the most affected groups, as they were forced to cope with significant life changes. However, not all displayed symptoms of psychological distress, which means that internal resources such as emotional regulation and resilience may have acted as protective variables. This cross‐sectional study aimed to examine the extent to which the relationship between emotion regulation and stress, anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms was mediated by resilience in a sample of university students. Results showed that emotion regulation strategies were positively associated with lower mental health. Some resilience dimensions mediated these relationships, with perception‐of‐self mediating all associations. Planned future mediated the association between emotion regulation and depression, family cohesion mediated the relation between emotion regulation and stress, and social resources mediated the association of cognitive reappraisal with anxiety and PTSD by suppressing the direct positive relationship. These results highlight the relevance of resilience as a key resource in coping effectively with the uncertainties, and changes that arise during stressful periods such as a pandemic.
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