ESE2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas)
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Percorrer ESE2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas) por Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) "03:Saúde de Qualidade"
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- Editorial: (un)healthy lifestyles, aging, and type 2 diabetesPublication . Duarte-Mendes, Pedro; Fernanda M. Silva; Teixeira, Ana M.Recent estimates from the IDF Diabetes Atlas indicate that diabetes affects 589 million adults worldwide in 2024, with type 2 diabetes (T2D) accounting for more than 90% of cases (International Diabetes Federation, 2025). This number is projected to reach 853 million by 2050. Age is an important risk factor for T2D, with estimates indicating that one in four adults with the disease (158 million) are over 65 years old. Poor lifestyle factors, such as lack of exercise, sedentary behavior, and poor diet, are important underlying factors in the development of obesity and insulin resistance, leading to T2D and cardiovascular disease (Lu et al., 2024; Bowden Davies et al., 2018). On the other hand, effective interventions, such as regular exercise and a healthy diet, have been recommended to improve glucose metabolism in both diabetic and non-diabetic individuals (Silva et al., 2024; Syeda et al., 2023; Kim and Kwon, 2024). In addition to engaging in regular exercise, studies have demonstrated the benefits of interrupting sitting time with regular bouts of movement (Syeda et al., 2023). Given the high prevalence of T2D, mainly in the middle-aged and elderly population, it is important to investigate the impact of (un)healthy lifestyles on metabolic markers and to create a set of strategies to prevent or control T2D and its related complications. This Research Topic, Editorial: (Un)healthy lifestyles, Aging, and Type 2 Diabetes, addresses these questions through nine complementary contributions.
- Estudo do discurso de ódio online em comunidades de jogos: perspetivas de grupos de foco com jogadores jovensPublication . costa, susana; C. Martins, Ana Filipa; Mendes da Silva, Bruno; Martins, AlexandreEste artigo faz parte de uma investigação sobre discurso de ódio nas comunidades de videojogos online. Recorrendo a grupos de foco como metodologia qualitativa, foi possível conhecer as experiências de 19 estudantes com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e os 18 anos. A análise dos dados revelou de que formas os participantes foram afetados por discurso de ódio online, bem como as suas perceções sobre as motivações e quais as possíveis respostas para este fenómeno. Os resultados demonstram que todos os participantes experienciaram instâncias de discurso de ódio online, bem como um certo grau de aceitação de ambientes de videojogos tóxicos. Os testemunhos apontaram para o poder, a busca de diversão e o anonimato como gatilhos e motivações para comportamentos disruptivos. Este estudo serve de base para a produção de múltiplas contra-narrativas que serão implementadas em contexto escolar, com o objetivo de envolver e motivar professores, educadores e jovens alunos a refletir e discutir sobre a problemática do discurso de ódio online. Além disso, visa contribuir para uma compreensão mais ampla das perceções, comportamentos e motivações nas comunidades de jogos online, enfatizando a necessidade de uma abordagem colaborativa envolvendo jogadores, criadores de jogos e educadores para promover um ambiente mais respeitoso e inclusivo.
- Exploring the relationship between daily sedentary time and occurrence of multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults: results from ELSI-BrazilPublication . Cordeiro, Jéssica Fernanda Corrêa; Santos, André Pereira dos; Bohn, Lucimere; Sebastião, Emerson; Marchiori, Gianna Fiori; Gomide, Euripedes Barsanulfo Gonçalves; Castro-Piñero, Jose; Florindo, Alex Antonio; Mota, Jorge; Machado, Dalmo Roberto LopesAimTo explore the relationship between varying durations of sedentary time (ST) in hours per day and multimorbidity, while considering covariates such as non-compliance to moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommendations, age, sex, and smoking in middle-aged and older adults.MethodsData from the first wave (2015-2016) of the nationally-representative Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil) were analyzed. Ordinary regression analysis was utilized to assess the odds ratio for individuals with varying daily ST durations concerning the escalation in the number of diseases while accounting for covariates such as failure to meet MVPA recommendations, age, sex, and smoking status.ResultsA cohort of 7,314 individuals aged 50-105 years (56,3% females) participated in the study. The most prevalent occurrence of multimorbidity was having 2 conditions (1521/19.3%). A clear trend emerges, showing a rise in the number of multimorbidities as ST increase. Notably, individuals engaging in less than 4 h of daily ST exhibited a significantly lower likelihood of experiencing an increase in the total number of multimorbidity cases, with an odds ratio of 0.842 and a confidence interval of 0.764 to 0.928, even after adjusting for potential covariables.ConclusionsOur findings indicate a progressive increase in multimorbidity with longer durations of ST. Moreover, limiting ST to less than 4 h daily was associated with a lower chance of multimorbidity.
- Immunological resilience of a temperate catshark to a simulated marine heatwavePublication . Martins Rebocho, Sandra; Ferreira, Cristina; Mateus, Ana Patrícia; Santos, Catarina Pereira; Fonseca, Joana; Rosa, Rui; Power, Deborah MaryMarine heatwaves (MHWs) have recently been proposed to be more relevant in driving population changes than the continuous increase in average temperatures associated with climate change. The causal processes underpinning MHW effects in sharks are unclear but may be linked to changes in fitness caused by physiological trade-offs that influence the immune response. Considering the scarcity of data about the immune response of sharks under anomalous warming events, the present study analyzed several fitness indices and characterized the immune response (in the blood, epigonal organ, liver, spleen and intestine) of temperate adult small-spotted catsharks (Scyliorhinus canicula) after a 30 day exposure to a category II MHW. The results indicated that adult small-spotted catsharks have developed coping strategies for MHWs. Specifically, among the 35 parameters investigated, only the gonad-to-body ratio (GBR) and plasma glucose concentration showed significant increases. In contrast, gene expression of igm and tumor necrosis factor receptor (tnfr) in blood cells, and tnfr in the epigonal organ, as well as the number of monocytes, all significantly decreased. Although a decline in immune function in small-spotted catsharks was revealed following MHW exposure, energy mobilization restored homeostasis and indicated a shift in energy allocation towards reproduction. Group resilience may be due to the variable tolerance of individuals, the phenotypic plasticity of cellular immunity, thermal imprinting and/or metabolic capacity of the individuals.
- Sarcopenic obesity does not impair lower limb strength and physical performance in sufficiently active older adults: a cross-sectional studyPublication . Silva, Leonardo Santos Lopes da; Abdalla, Pedro Pugliesi; Marcos-Pardo, Pablo Jorge; Romo‑Perez, Vicente; Garcia‑Soidan, Jose Luis; Mota, Jorge; Machado, Dalmo Roberto LopesThis study investigated the associations of sarcopenic obesity (SO) with muscle strength and physical performance in sufficiently active older adults. Data from 72 older sarcopenic obese adults classified as sufficiently active were analyzed. Participants were categorized into four groups based on sex and SO status. Muscle strength/physical performance tests were compared using independent sample t-tests. Multiple linear regression and binary logistic regression were performed to examine the associations between SO and muscle strength and physical performance, adjusting for confounding variables. Only handgrip strength showed differences between SO groups, regardless of sex (p < 0.05). SO negatively explained the variability of handgrip strength (p < 0.05). An increase in handgrip strength values was associated with a decrease in the chances of older adults being classified as SO (p < 0.05). The findings suggest that even with SO, sufficiently active older adults did not present a significant reduction in muscle strength in the lower limbs and physical performance.